■认知障碍(CI)是精神分裂症的一个显著特征,有证据表明,儿童和青春期的精神分裂症(CAOS),代表严重但罕见的精神分裂症,与成人发病条件共享连续性。虽然在患有精神分裂症的成年人中已经确定了大脑功能改变与CI之间的关系,CAOS中脑功能异常的程度仍在很大程度上未知。在这项研究中,我们采用静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)研究CAOS患者的脑区功能改变.要跨多个认知领域评估CI,我们使用了Stroop颜色和单词测试(SCWT)和MATRICS共识认知电池(MCCB)测试。我们的目的是探讨这些患者的功能性CI与低频波动幅度(ALFF)水平之间的关系。
■我们招募了50名诊断为CAOS的患者和33名性别和年龄相匹配的健康对照(HCs)。使用MCCB和SCWT方法评估认知功能。使用梯度回波回波平面成像序列获取Rs-fMRI数据。在SPM8中通过双样本t检验比较基于体素的ALFF组图。随后,我们进行了相关分析,以确定ALFF水平和认知评分之间的关联.
■与HC相比,患者表现出右梭状回ALFF水平显著升高,额叶,和尾状,以及左额叶和尾状.相反,在颞叶和左内侧额叶中观察到ALFF水平降低。在总认知得分方面,HC和患者之间存在显着差异,ALFF水平,和域分数。所有测试成绩都下降了,除了TMA.CAOS患者的ALFF水平与认知功能之间的相关性分析与HCs不同。皮尔逊相关分析显示,简视空间记忆测试-修订(BVMT-R)评分与左额内侧回ALFF水平呈正相关。数字跨度测试(DST)评分与右尾状叶ALFF水平呈负相关,和迷宫测试值与左尾状部水平呈负相关。然而,HCs中的Pearson相关性分析表明,颜色和霍普金斯言语学习测验(HVLT-R)得分与左额叶ALFF水平呈正相关,而颜色词和符号编码得分与右尾状部的水平负相关。
■大脑中ALFF水平的改变可能与CAOS患者的认知障碍(CI)有关。我们强调了精神分裂症的病理生理学,并提供了可能有助于CAOS诊断的影像学证据。
UNASSIGNED: Cognitive impairment (CI) is a distinctive characteristic of schizophrenia, with evidence suggesting that childhood and adolescence onset schizophrenia (CAOS), representing severe but rare forms of schizophrenia, share continuity with adult-onset conditions. While relationships between altered brain function and CI have been identified in adults with schizophrenia, the extent of brain function abnormalities in CAOS remains largely unknown. In this
study, we employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to investigate functional alterations in brain areas among patients with CAOS. To assess CI across multiple cognitive domains, we utilized the Stroop Color and Word Tests (SCWT) and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) tests. Our objective was to explore the associations between functional CI and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) levels in these patients.
UNASSIGNED: We enrolled 50 patients diagnosed with CAOS and 33 healthy controls (HCs) matched for sex and age. Cognitive functions were assessed using the MCCB and SCWT methods. Rs-fMRI data were acquired using gradient-echo echo-planar imaging sequences. Voxel-based ALFF group maps were compared through two-sample t-tests in SPM8. Subsequently, correlation analyses were conducted to identify associations between ALFF levels and cognitive scores.
UNASSIGNED: In comparison to HCs, patients exhibited significantly increased ALFF levels in the right fusiform gyrus, frontal lobe, and caudate, as well as the left frontal lobe and caudate. Conversely, reduced ALFF levels were observed in the temporal and left medial frontal lobes. Significant differences were identified between HCs and patients in terms of total cognitive scores, ALFF levels, and domain scores. All test scores were decreased, except for TMA. Correlation analyses between ALFF levels and cognitive functions in patients with CAOS differed from those in HCs. Pearson correlation analyses revealed positive associations between Brief Visuospatial Memory Test - Revised (BVMT-R) scores and ALFF levels in the left medial frontal gyrus. Digital Span Test (DST) scores were negatively correlated with ALFF levels in the right caudate, and Maze Test values were negatively correlated with levels in the left caudate. However, Pearson correlation analyses in HCs indicated that color and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT-R) scores positively correlated with ALFF levels in the left frontal lobe, while color-word and symbol coding scores negatively correlated with levels in the right caudate.
UNASSIGNED: Altered ALFF levels in the brain may be linked to cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with CAOS. We highlighted the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and provide imaging evidence that could potentially aid in the diagnosis of CAOS.