成纤维细胞网状细胞(FRC),通常从淋巴结的T细胞区发现和分离,最近被描述为不仅仅是简单的结构细胞。最初,这些细胞被描述为形成称为“网状纤维网络”的导管系统,并负责将从组织通过传入淋巴管排出的淋巴液转移到T细胞区。然而,如今,这些细胞被描述为能够分泌几种细胞因子和趋化因子,并具有干扰免疫反应的能力,改进它,并控制淋巴细胞增殖。这里,我们对用于研究成纤维细胞网状细胞控制免疫反应的机制的几种方法进行了系统综述,以及它们决定T细胞命运的能力。我们搜索了过去五年索引和发表的文章,2016年至2020年,在PubMed,Scopus,还有Cochrane,遵循PRISMA准则。我们使用我们的搜索策略在文献中找到了175篇文章,但只有24篇文章符合我们的纳入标准,并在这里讨论。介绍和讨论中还包含了对FRC的内置知识很重要的其他文章。本综述选择的研究使用了不同的策略,以获得FRC对参与免疫反应的不同机制的贡献:在这种情况下,21%的评估病毒感染,13%使用了自身免疫模型,8%使用了GvHD或癌症的模型,4%采用缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)模型。另外四项研究仅针对特定的信号通路,如MHCII表达,FRC微泡,FRC分泌IL-15,FRC网络,或消融产生溶血磷脂酸(LPA)的胞外酶自分泌运动因子。总之,我们的综述显示了一些研究用于分离和培养成纤维细胞网状细胞的策略,每个人选择的模型,并剖析了它们在稳态和疾病中的主要发现和含义。
Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs), usually found and isolated from the T cell zone of lymph nodes, have recently been described as much more than simple structural cells. Originally, these cells were described to form a conduit system called the \"reticular fiber network\" and for being responsible for transferring the lymph fluid drained from tissues through afferent lymphatic vessels to the T cell zone. However, nowadays, these cells are described as being capable of secreting several cytokines and chemokines and possessing the ability to interfere with the immune response, improving it, and also controlling lymphocyte proliferation. Here, we performed a systematic
review of the several methods employed to investigate the mechanisms used by fibroblastic reticular cells to control the immune response, as well as their ability in determining the fate of T cells. We searched articles indexed and published in the last five years, between 2016 and 2020, in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane, following the PRISMA guidelines. We found 175 articles published in the literature using our searching strategies, but only 24 articles fulfilled our inclusion criteria and are discussed here. Other articles important in the built knowledge of FRCs were included in the introduction and discussion. The studies selected for this
review used different strategies in order to access the contribution of FRCs to different mechanisms involved in the immune response: 21% evaluated viral infection in this context, 13% used a model of autoimmunity, 8% used a model of GvHD or cancer, 4% used a model of Ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI). Another four studies just targeted a particular signaling pathway, such as MHC II expression, FRC microvesicles, FRC secretion of IL-15, FRC network, or ablation of the lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-producing ectoenzyme autotaxin. In conclusion, our
review shows the strategies used by several studies to isolate and culture fibroblastic reticular cells, the models chosen by each one, and dissects their main findings and implications in homeostasis and disease.