This report included three cases of lymphoproliferative disorders developing from the lacrimal caruncle. The first case was an 11-year-old boy with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in the left lacrimal caruncle. The second case was an 80-year-old woman with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in the right lacrimal caruncle. The third case was a 77-year-old man with follicular lymphoma in the left lacrimal caruncle. Our literature review of cases with lacrimal caruncular lesions showed 11 reported cases with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and 17 with malignant lymphoma. There had been no previous report on follicular lymphoma in the lacrimal caruncle.

Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) of the liver is a rare benign disease. This article describes a 77-year-old female patient with RLH of the liver. The patient was admitted to the hospital due to atrial fibrillation. A liver tumor was incidentally found during abdominal enhanced CT. Further magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and PET/CT showed four lesions in the liver. The imaging findings suggested hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but it was not consistent that the patient had no history of liver cirrhosis and hepatitis, and a variety of tumor markers were within the normal range. The largest lesion was surgically removed and microscopically diagnosed as RLH of the liver. The pathology included a large number of reactive hyperplastic lymphoid follicles. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the infiltrating lymphocytes were polyclonal. The authors believe that the perinodular enhancement on MRI, the obvious limitation of diffusion on DWI, the insignificant increase of SUVmax on PET-CT delayed phase, and the support of clinical data can help distinguish liver RLH from lymphoma and HCC.

Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, also known as pseudolymphoma, is an uncommon reactive lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology that can be found in Sjögren\'s syndrome patients. Here, we present a case of a previously healthy woman in which the incidental finding of a lung mass compatible with nodular lymphoid hyperplasia led to the subsequent diagnosis of Sjögren\'s syndrome. We also performed a literature review for the association between both entities and described the main clinical aspects of the reported cases. Although its rarity, we consider that pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lung nodules or masses among Sjögren\'s syndrome patients.

Hirudotherapy (leech therapy) is one of the oldest practices in medical history, and nowadays it is used for several purposes in medicine. Salvage of flaps, wound healing, pain management, and treatment of varicose veins are among the common therapeutic applications of leeches. Complications associated with leech therapy include infections, bleeding, anemia, and allergic reaction. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma (benign proliferation of lymphoid cells in the skin) follows several underlying conditions. Although persistent arthropod bite reaction is one of the conditions associated with cutaneous pseudolymphoma, it has been rarely reported after medicinal leech therapy. Here we describe the case of a patient who presented with cutaneous pseudolymphoma after leech therapy as a rare cutaneous complication of hirudotherapy.

暂无摘要。

We report a case of pseudolymphoma of the liver in a 49-year-old woman without an underlying disease except for liver hemangioma. A 20-mm nodule was incidentally found in segment 2 of the liver by abdominal ultrasonography during a regular follow-up of the hepatic hemangioma. After a series of radiological examinations, a left lateral sectionectomy was performed because malignant hepatic tumor could not be excluded. The patient was discharged uneventfully 7 days after the operation. The pathology examination revealed a pseudolymphoma. No recurrence of the tumor was found 5½ years after the operation. To the best of our knowledge, only 46 cases of pseudolymphoma of the liver have been reported to date. A review of the literature showed that pseudolymphomas occur predominantly in females (89.4%), usually occur as a single tumor (80.4%), are no more than 20 mm in size (90.6%), and are frequently associated with either autoimmune disease or chronic liver disease. Because an accurate diagnosis is difficult to establish, vigilant follow-up is indicated, and surgical intervention is the choice of treatment once the suspiciousness of malignancy has been raised.