心率变异性生物反馈(HRVB)已被广泛用于改善心血管健康和福祉。HRVB基于个体共振频率下的呼吸,刺激呼吸性窦性心律失常(RSA)和压力反射。有,然而,在如何应用HRVB的方法上没有共识,虽然有关使用的方案的详细信息通常没有得到很好的报道。因此,本系统综述的目的是描述不同的HRVB方案并检测方法学问题.PsycINFO,CINALH,Medline和WebofScience在2000年至2021年4月之间进行了搜索。数据提取和质量评估基于PRISMA指南。最终纳入了来自任何科学领域和任何类型样本的总共143项研究。找到了三种HRVB协议:(i)“最佳射频”(n=37),每个参与者都以他们先前检测到的射频呼吸;(Ii)“个体射频”(n=48),每个参与者都遵循一个生物反馈装置,该装置根据心血管数据实时显示最佳呼吸频率,和(iii)“预设频率射频”(n=51),所有参与者以相同的速率呼吸,通常6次呼吸/分钟。此外,我们发现了应用HRVB在周数方面的几个方法学差异,呼吸持续时间或实验室和家庭会议的组合。值得注意的是,几乎2/3的研究没有报告足够的信息来复制HRVB协议的呼吸持续时间,吸气/呼气比,呼吸控制或身体位置。提出了方法学指南和清单,以提高未来HRVB研究的方法学质量并增加报告的信息。
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback (HRVB) has been widely used to improve cardiovascular health and well-being. HRVB is based on breathing at an individual\'s resonance frequency, which stimulates respiratory sinus arrhythmia (
RSA) and the baroreflex. There is, however, no methodological
consensus on how to apply HRVB, while details about the protocol used are often not well reported. Thus, the objectives of this systematic review are to describe the different HRVB protocols and detect methodological concerns. PsycINFO, CINALH, Medline and Web of Science were searched between 2000 and April 2021. Data extraction and quality assessment were based on PRISMA
guidelines. A total of 143 studies were finally included from any scientific field and any type of sample. Three protocols for HRVB were found: (i) \"Optimal RF\" (n = 37), each participant breathes at their previously detected RF; (ii) \"Individual RF\" (n = 48), each participant follows a biofeedback device that shows the optimal breathing rate based on cardiovascular data in real time, and (iii) \"Preset-pace RF\" (n = 51), all participants breathe at the same rate rate, usually 6 breaths/minute. In addition, we found several methodological differences for applying HRVB in terms of number of weeks, duration of breathing or combination of laboratory and home sessions. Remarkably, almost 2/3 of the studies did not report enough information to replicate the HRVB protocol in terms of breathing duration, inhalation/exhalation ratio, breathing control or body position. Methodological
guidelines and a checklist are proposed to enhance the methodological quality of future HRVB studies and increase the information reported.