在现代药物发现中,化学信息学和定量构效关系(QSAR)模型的结合已经成为一个强大的联盟,使研究人员能够利用机器学习(ML)技术的巨大潜力进行预测性分子设计和分析。这篇综述深入探讨了化学信息学的基本方面,阐明化学数据的复杂性和分子描述符在揭示潜在分子特性中的关键作用。分子描述符,包括2D指纹和拓扑索引,结合结构-活动关系(SAR),是开启小分子药物发现途径的关键。开发稳健的ML-QSAR模型的技术复杂性,包括特征选择,模型验证,和绩效评估,在此讨论。各种ML算法,如回归分析和支持向量机,在文本中展示了它们预测和理解分子结构与生物活性之间关系的能力。这篇综述为研究人员提供了全面的指导,提供对化学信息学之间协同作用的理解,QSAR,ML。由于拥抱这些尖端技术,预测性分子分析有望加快药物科学中新型治疗剂的发现。
In modern drug discovery, the combination of chemoinformatics and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling has emerged as a formidable alliance, enabling researchers to harness the vast potential of machine learning (ML) techniques for predictive molecular design and analysis. This
review delves into the fundamental aspects of chemoinformatics, elucidating the intricate nature of chemical data and the crucial role of molecular descriptors in unveiling the underlying molecular properties. Molecular descriptors, including 2D fingerprints and topological indices, in conjunction with the structure-activity relationships (SARs), are pivotal in unlocking the pathway to small-molecule drug discovery. Technical intricacies of developing robust ML-QSAR models, including feature selection, model validation, and performance evaluation, are discussed herewith. Various ML algorithms, such as regression analysis and support vector machines, are showcased in the text for their ability to predict and comprehend the relationships between molecular structures and biological activities. This
review serves as a comprehensive guide for researchers, providing an understanding of the synergy between chemoinformatics, QSAR, and ML. Due to embracing these cutting-edge technologies, predictive molecular analysis holds promise for expediting the discovery of novel therapeutic agents in the pharmaceutical sciences.