气候变化,特别是气温上升,被怀疑是许多野生动物疾病出现的主要驱动力。鲑鱼的增殖性肾脏疾病,由苔藓三叶草粘虫引起,用于评估宿主-寄生虫相互作用的温度依赖性如何调节疾病的出现。棕色鳟鱼(Salmotruttafario)保持在12和15°C,实验感染了苔藓沙门氏菌。同时定量鱼宿主中的寄生虫发育和孢子的释放,以揭示寄生虫从脊椎动物到无脊椎动物宿主的传播潜力。肾脏感染强度向稳定平台的变化与孢子脱落开始的阈值相吻合。根据达到这个感染强度阈值,这种寄生虫释放的开始在低温下被延迟。但是孢子的释放量与温度无关。寄生虫传播阶段的产生随着时间的推移而下降。总之,升高的温度通过增加传播阶段生产的持续时间来改变寄生虫的传播机会,这可能会影响寄生虫在更广泛的河流中的传播和建立。
Climate change, in particular rising temperature, is suspected to be a major driver for the emergence of many wildlife diseases. Proliferative kidney disease of salmonids, caused by the myxozoan Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, was used to evaluate how temperature dependence of host-parasite interactions modulates disease emergence. Brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) kept at 12 and 15 °C, were experimentally infected with T. bryosalmonae. Parasite development in the fish host and release of spores were quantified simultaneously to unravel parasite transmission potential from the vertebrate to the invertebrate host. A change to a stable plateau in infection intensity of the kidney coincided with a threshold at which spore shedding commenced. This onset of parasite release was delayed at the low temperature in accordance with reaching this infection intensity threshold, but the amount of spores released was irrespective of temperature. The production of parasite transmission stages declined with time. In conclusion, elevated temperature modifies the parasite transmission opportunities by increasing the duration of transmission stage production, which may affect the spread and establishment of the parasite in a wider range of rivers.