Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition triggered by oral bacteria. A sustained inflammatory state in periodontitis could eventually destroy the alveolar bone. The key objective of periodontal therapy is to terminate the inflammatory process and reconstruct the periodontal tissues. The traditional Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedure has unstable results due to multiple factors such as the inflammatory environment, the immune response caused by the implant, and the operator\'s technique. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), as acoustic energy, transmits the mechanical signals to the target tissue to provide non-invasive physical stimulation. LIPUS has positive effects in promoting bone regeneration, soft-tissue regeneration, inflammation inhibition, and neuromodulation. LIPUS can maintain and regenerate alveolar bone during an inflammatory state by suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors. LIPUS also affects the cellular behavior of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), thereby protecting the regenerative potential of bone tissue in an inflammatory state. However, the underlying mechanisms of the LIPUS therapy are still yet to be summarized. The goal of this review is to outline the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms of periodontitis-related LIPUS therapy, as well as to explain how LIPUS manages to transmit mechanical stimulation into the signaling pathway to achieve inflammatory control and periodontal bone regeneration.

OBJECTIVE: To present a review of available literature on the association of vitamin D and periodontal disease.
METHODS: A thorough search of articles was carried out on the databases PUBMED and MEDLINE regarding vitamin D and periodontal disease. The selected literature included cross-sectional, case-control and prospective and retrospective cohort studies. The main aspects of the association evaluated were a) the association of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D3 with periodontal disease severity, periodontal disease progression and tooth loss, b) the effect of vitamin D supplementation on periodontal health and c) the association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms with periodontal disease. A brief overview of the biological mechanisms linking periodontal disease with vitamin D was also included.
CONCLUSIONS: There is conflicting evidence regarding the effects of 25(OH)D on periodontal disease severity, progression and tooth loss, with some studies reporting beneficial effects of higher 25(OH)D serum concentrations on periodontal health and tooth retention, whereas others could not find such an association. Limited evidence also supports a positive association between 1,25(OH)2D3 and periodontal health as well as a trend towards better periodontal health with vitamin D supplementation. Finally, various vitamin D polymorphisms were associated with chronic and aggressive periodontitis, with different outcomes reported for the various ethnic populations assessed.

OBJECTIVE: To review and analyze periodontal clinical parameters after bariatric surgery.
BACKGROUND: Periodontitis, a dysbiotic inflammatory disease, has been associated with obesity. The purpose of bariatric surgery is to reduce weight and systemic inflammation. Consequently, it is of interest to systematically review the impact of bariatric surgery on periodontal status.
METHODS: Electronic searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Thesis database, and the Cochrane Library databases. Gray literature and the main journals of both specialties were also reviewed. Only cross-sectional and prospective studies focusing on bleeding on probing, pocket depth, and clinical attachment levels were selected.
RESULTS: After a thorough screening of 651 studies, 10 studies were selected by 2 independent reviewers. Four (n = 250) and 3 studies (n = 191) were included in the meta-analysis at 6- and 12-month follow-up, respectively. At 6-month follow-up increased periodontal inflammation (P = .03) and periodontal destruction were observed. However, 12 months after baseline, the difference between bariatric patients and control was no longer significant.
CONCLUSIONS: The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that deterioration of periodontal status may be observed in the first 6 months after surgery. Consequently, periodontal screening and management of the patient\'s request for bariatric surgery should be recommended to avoid further deterioration of periodontal status after bariatric surgery.