背景:类鼻窦炎是一种被忽视但通常致命的热带病。本病有广泛的临床表现,这使得诊断具有挑战性和耗时。为了改善诊断,我们的目的是评估CRISPR-Cas12a系统(CRISPR-BP34)在怀疑患有类结节病患者的临床标本中检测假盲肠伯克霍尔德菌DNA的性能.
方法:我们进行了前瞻性,在Sunpasitthiprasong医院对成年患者(年龄≥18岁)患有类结节病的观察性队列研究,泰国的一家三级医院。如果参与者在任何临床样本中都有培养证实的B假单胞菌感染,则他们有资格入选。从患者临床记录和随访电话中收集数据。常规临床样本(血液,尿液,呼吸分泌,脓液,和其他体液)收集用于培养。我们记录了诊断所需的时间,随访第28天的死亡率。我们还对从330例疑似类结节病患者中收集的临床标本进行了CRISPR-BP34检测,并将其性能与当前基于金标准培养的方法进行了比较。通过三个独立的定性PCR测试验证了不一致的结果。这项研究在泰国临床试验注册中心注册,TCTR20190322003。
结果:在2019年10月1日至2022年12月31日之间,有876例文化确诊的类骨病患者入院或转诊到Sunpasitthiprasong医院,其中433人在诊断时还活着,并被纳入本研究。在第28天所有已知生存状态的患者中,从样品收集到通过培养诊断的中位时间为4·0天(IQR3·0-5·0),这导致治疗延迟。876例患者中有199例(23%)在诊断前死亡,433例患者中有114例(26%)在随访中得到治疗,但在入院后28天内死亡。为了测试CRISPR-BP34测定,我们在2022年5月26日至12月31日期间纳入并收集了114例结石样病患者和216例非结石样病患者的临床样本.CRISPR-BP34的应用将血液样本的中位样本到诊断时间减少到1·1天(IQR0·7-1·5),2·3小时(IQR2·3-2·4)用于尿液,3·3h(3·1-3·4)用于呼吸分泌,脓液,和其他体液。CRISPR-BP34的总体敏感性为93·0%(114个样品中的106个[95%CI86·6-96·9]),而66·7%(114个样品中的76个[57·2-75·2])用于培养。CRISPR-BP34的总体特异性为96·8%(216个样本中的209个[95%CI93·4-98·7]),与100%(216个样品中的216个[98·3-100·0])进行培养。
结论:敏感性,特异性,速度,和CRISPR-BP34提供的临床干预窗口支持其作为类骨病的即时诊断工具的前瞻性用途.未来的发展应该集中在可扩展性和降低成本上。
背景:泰国清迈大学和英国惠康信托基金会。
BACKGROUND: Melioidosis is a neglected but often fatal tropical disease. The disease has broad clinical manifestations, which makes diagnosis challenging and time consuming. To improve diagnosis, we aimed to evaluate the performance of the CRISPR-Cas12a system (CRISPR-BP34) to detect Burkholderia pseudomallei DNA across clinical specimens from patients suspected to have melioidosis.
METHODS: We conducted a prospective, observational cohort
study of adult patients (aged ≥18 years) with melioidosis at Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Thailand. Participants were eligible for inclusion if they had culture-confirmed B pseudomallei infection from any clinical samples. Data were collected from patient clinical records and follow-up telephone calls. Routine clinical samples (blood, urine, respiratory secretion, pus, and other body fluids) were collected for culture. We documented time taken for diagnosis, and mortality at day 28 of follow-up. We also performed CRISPR-BP34 detection on clinical specimens collected from 330 patients with suspected melioidosis and compared its performance with the current gold-standard culture-based method. Discordant results were validated by three independent qualitative PCR tests. This
study is registered with the Thai Clinical
Trial Registry, TCTR20190322003.
RESULTS: Between Oct 1, 2019, and Dec 31, 2022, 876 patients with culture-confirmed melioidosis were admitted or referred to Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, 433 of whom were alive at diagnosis and were enrolled in this
study. Median time from sample collection to diagnosis by culture was 4·0 days (IQR 3·0-5·0) among all patients with known survival status at day 28, which resulted in delayed treatment. 199 (23%) of 876 patients died before diagnosis and 114 (26%) of 433 patients in follow-up were treated, but died within 28 days of admission. To test the CRISPR-BP34 assay, we enrolled and collected clinical samples from 114 patients with melioidosis and 216 patients without melioidosis between May 26 and Dec 31, 2022. Application of CRISPR-BP34 reduced the median sample-to-diagnosis time to 1·1 days (IQR 0·7-1·5) for blood samples, 2·3 h (IQR 2·3-2·4) for urine, and 3·3 h (3·1-3·4) for respiratory secretion, pus, and other body fluids. The overall sensitivity of CRISPR-BP34 was 93·0% (106 of 114 samples [95% CI 86·6-96·9]) compared with 66·7% (76 of 114 samples [57·2-75·2]) for culture. The overall specificity of CRISPR-BP34 was 96·8% (209 of 216 samples [95% CI 93·4-98·7]), compared with 100% (216 of 216 samples [98·3-100·0]) for culture.
CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity, specificity, speed, and window of clinical intervention offered by CRISPR-BP34 support its prospective use as a point-of-care diagnostic tool for melioidosis. Future development should be focused on scalability and cost reduction.
BACKGROUND: Chiang Mai University Thailand and Wellcome Trust UK.