背景：Calotropisgigantiea（L.）R.Br（夹竹桃科）通常被称为“冠花”或“巨型牛奶杂草”，是许多文化中众所周知的杂草，用于治疗与中枢神经系统有关的各种疾病，皮肤病,消化系统,呼吸系统,生殖系统等。土著群体将这种植物作为他们生活的一部分，因为他们使用水果纤维制作绳索，家居用品,用于编织花环的衣服和鲜花，除了用于各种适应症。这项研究旨在对植物化学进行深远的回顾，药理活性，民族药理学,药物治疗的知识产权转让，毒性，有助于为民族植物学主张提供科学证据，并确定作为未来研究先决条件需要进行的差距。
方法：使用不同的数据库进行了系统的文献检索，例如Scopus，科学直接，PubMed和Scipverse，在搜索过程中未设置时间线限制。所有可用的摘要和全文文章都包含在系统综述中。
结果：大多数民俗用途都得到了科学研究的验证，例如镇痛，抗关节炎,抗哮喘,抗菌,抗惊厥药,解热,中枢神经系统疾病,避孕药,抗溃疡和伤口愈合。此外，其他研究如抗糖尿病，抗腹泻,反蠕虫,抗组胺,抗炎,抗微生物,抗氧化剂，心脏保护研究,细胞毒性，保肝,纤维蛋白溶解,灭蚊,神经肌肉活动，还报道了该植物的血管舒张和骨骼肌活动。分离的化合物，如calotropin，测试了佛果苷和4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基佛果苷对人和大鼠细胞系的细胞毒性功效，其中calotropin显示出有效的活性（IC50-15ng/ml）。然而，没有关于该植物的临床试验报道，该植物是主要的空洞之一。
结论：这篇综述文章探讨了民族药理学，Cg的药理活性植物化学和知识产权提供了有效和商业药物的证据，经过进一步的研究，这些药物可以为各种治疗提供最可行的药物。然而,还需要对分离的植物成分进行体内研究和临床试验,这将有助于商业化。
BACKGROUND: Calotropis gigantiea (L.) R. Br (Apocynaceae) commonly called as \"crown flower\" or \"giant milk weed\" is a well-known weed to many cultures for treating various disorders related to central nervous system, skin diseases, digestive system, respiratory system, reproductive system etc. Indigenous groups made the plant as a part of their lives since they use the fruit fibre to make ropes, household items, for weaving clothes and flowers for garlands apart from usage for various indications. The study aims at far-reaching
review on phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, ethnopharmacology, intellectual property transfer on pharmacological therapies, toxicity which aids to provide scientific evidence for the ethnobotanical claims and to identify gaps required to be conducted as a future research prerequisite.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using different databases such as Scopus, Science direct, PubMed and Sciverse with no timeline limit set during the search. All the available abstracts and full text articles were included in the systematic
review.
RESULTS: Most of the folkloric uses were validated by the scientific studies such as analgesic, anti-arthritic, anti-asthmatic, anti-bacterial, anti-convulsant, anti-pyretic, central nervous system disorders, contraceptive, anti-ulcer and wound healing. In addition other studies such as anti-diabetic, anti-diarrhoeal, anti-helminthic, anti-histamine, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, cardio-protective studies, cytotoxicity, hepatoprotectivity, fibrinolytic, mosquitocidal, nerve muscle activity, vasodilation and skeletal muscle activities were also reported for the plant. Isolated compounds such as calotropin, frugoside and 4\'-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl frugoside were tested for the cytotoxicity efficacy against both human and rat cell lines out of which calotropin showed potent activity (IC50-15 ng/ml). However there were no clinical trials reported on the plant which is one of the major lacunas.
CONCLUSIONS: This
review article explores the ethnopharmacological, pharmacological activities phytochemistry and intellectual rights of Cg which gives the evidence of a potent and commercial drug which up on further research leads to the most viable drug for variety of treatments. However there is further need for in-vivo studies and clinical trials on isolated phytoconstituents which will help to commercialise.
