Objective The 2018 Tokyo Guidelines (TG18) were published to facilitate the decision-making processes (DMP), including the diagnosis and operation of acute cholecystitis (AC). However, only a few guidelines consider older adults. This study evaluated the DMP based on the TG18, focusing on older patients with AC. Methods This was a single-armed, single-center retrospective study. The primary outcome measure was the \"undiagnosable\" AC rate, and the secondary outcome measure was the degree of concordance of \"unfit for surgery\" decisions. Patients Two hundred and nine patients with AC. Results Sixty (28.7%) of 209 patients with AC were \"undiagnosable\" on admission based on the TG18 criteria. The numbers and rate of \"undiagnosable\" AC in patients ≤59, 60-79, and ≥80 years old were 4 (10.0%), 20 (24.4%), and 36 (41.4%), respectively (p<0.001). The multiple logistic regression analysis following the univariate analysis revealed that age >73 years old was the most significant risk factor for undiagnosable AC [p=0.006, odds ratio (OR): 3.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.38-6.81]. Female sex (p=0.033, OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.06-4.09) and severe AC (p=0.049, OR: 2.97, 95% CI: 1.01-8.76) were also significant risk factors for undiagnosable AC. The number of cases unfit for surgery based on the Charlson Comorbidity Index and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status was 90 (43.1%) and 75 (35.9%), respectively. The κ value between these 2 indicators revealed a minimal concordance of 0.33 (95% CI: 0.20-0.47). Conclusion The DMP based on the TG18 potentially harbors a misjudgment risk, especially in older patients with AC (UMIN000047715).

Since the eruption of the worldwide SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in late 2019/early 2020, multiple elective surgical interventions were postponed. Through pandemic measures, elective operation capacities were reduced in favour of intensive care treatment for critically ill SARS-CoV-2 patients. Although intermittent low-incidence infection rates allowed an increase in elective surgery, surgeons have to include long-term pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications of SARS-CoV-2 infections (especially \"Long Covid\") in their perioperative management considerations and risk assessment procedures. This review summarizes recent consensus statements and recommendations regarding the timepoint for surgical intervention after SARS-CoV-2 infection released by respective German societies and professional representatives including DGC/BDC (Germany Society of Surgery/Professional Association of German Surgeons e.V.) and DGAI/BDA (Germany Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine/Professional Association of German Anesthesiologists e.V.) within the scope of the recent literature. The current literature reveals that patients with pre- and perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection have a dramatically deteriorated postoperative outcome. Thereby, perioperative mortality is mainly caused by pulmonary and thromboembolic complications. Notably, perioperative mortality decreases to normal values over time depending on the duration of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

With the development of surgical techniques, adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy, the survival of patients with rectal cancer after surgery has improved significantly, while the organ dysfunction remains an important factor affecting quality of life of patients. In order to improve the awareness of Chinese surgeons in organ function protection for the treatment of rectal cancer, standardize the evaluation method and surgical procedure, reduce the incidence of organ dysfunction, and ultimately improve the quality of life of patients, Colorectal and Anal Function Surgeons Committee of China Sexology Association, Organ Function Protection Committee of Chinese College of Colorectal Cancer, and Colon and Rectal Surgeons Committee of Chinese College of Surgeons jointly organized experts in related fields, in combination with domestic and foreign research and clinical practice, to discuss and formulate a Chinese expert consensus on the protection of pelvic organ function in the rectal cancer surgery, including the definition, risk factors, assessment methods, prevention and treatment of organ dysfunction after rectal cancer surgery.
随着外科手术技术、辅助治疗和新辅助治疗的发展，直肠癌患者手术后生存期较前明显改善，但是器官功能障碍仍然是影响患者术后生活质量的重要因素。为了提高中国医师对于直肠癌治疗过程中器官功能保护的意识，规范评估方法和手术方式，降低器官功能障碍的发生率，从而提高直肠癌手术后患者的生活质量，中国性学会结直肠肛门功能外科分会、中国医师协会结直肠肿瘤专业委员会器官功能保护学组和中国医师协会外科医师分会结直肠外科医师委员会，针对直肠癌术后器官功能障碍的定义、危险因素、评估方法、预防和治疗等问题，组织相关领域的专家，结合国内外研究和临床实践，共同讨论制定了关于直肠癌手术盆腔器官功能保护的中国专家共识。.

In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS) and to improve the quality of care in dealing with the spectrum of multidisciplinary diseases, the EOS treatment guideline task force from the Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons compiled this guideline. The guideline is based on epidemiological data, evidence-based literature and clinical studies, combined with recent technological advances globally. The task force have discussed and reviewed together, revised constantly and finally finalized this paper. Hopefully, the guideline will be refined in clinical practice to further improve the diagnosis and treatment of EOS in China.
为了规范早发性脊柱侧凸（EOS）的诊断和治疗，提高多学科综合诊治水平，中国医师协会骨科医师分会EOS治疗指南工作小组撰写了本指南。本指南依据流行病学资料、循证医学证据和临床研究结果，结合近年来国内外研究进展，经共同讨论审阅，最终定稿。希望在临床实践中不断加以完善，进一步提高我国EOS的诊治水平。.