骨和关节感染(BJI)的最佳概率术后抗生素的选择仍然具有挑战性。自从六个法国转诊中心实施protocolized术后利奈唑胺以来,在BJI患者中分离了利奈唑胺耐药的多药耐药表皮葡萄球菌(LR-MDRSE)菌株。我们在这里旨在描述临床,微生物,和与这些菌株相关的分子模式。这项回顾性多中心研究包括2015年至2020年期间至少有一个LR-MDRSE阳性的术中标本的所有患者。临床表现,管理,并描述了结果。通过MIC测定利奈唑胺和其他抗MRSA抗生素来研究LR-MDRSE菌株,抗性遗传决定因素的表征,和系统发育分析。46例患者(定植n=10,感染n=36)被纳入五个中心,45人曾接触过利奈唑胺,33有外国设备。26/36例患者获得了临床成功。LR-MDRSE的发生率在研究期间增加。百分之百的菌株对恶唑烷酮有抗性,庆大霉素,克林霉素,氧氟沙星,利福平,头孢洛林,和头孢比宝,易受细胞周期蛋白的影响,达托霉素,还有Dalbavancin.对德拉氟沙星的敏感性是双峰的。对44株菌株进行了分子分析,赋予利奈唑胺抗性的主要突变是23SrRNAG2576T突变。所有菌株均属于序列型ST2或其克隆复合体,系统发育分析表明,在地理上与中心相对应的五个种群出现。我们发现在BJIs中出现了高度耐利奈唑胺的表皮葡萄球菌的新克隆种群。确定有LR-MDRSE获取风险的患者并提出系统性术后利奈唑胺的替代方案至关重要。重要性该手稿描述了从患有骨和关节感染的患者中分离出的表皮葡萄球菌(LR-MDRSE)的克隆利奈唑胺耐药菌株的出现。LR-MDRSE的发生率在研究期间增加。所有菌株对恶唑烷酮具有高度抗性,庆大霉素,克林霉素,氧氟沙星,利福平,头孢洛林,和头孢比宝,但是容易受到细胞周期蛋白的影响,达托霉素,还有Dalbavancin.对德拉氟沙星的敏感性是双峰的。赋予利奈唑胺抗性的主要突变是23SrRNAG2576T突变。所有菌株均属于序列型ST2或其克隆复合体,系统发育分析表明,在地理上与中心相对应的五个种群出现。LR-MDRSE骨和关节感染似乎伴有与合并症和治疗问题相关的总体不良预后。确定有LR-MDRSE获取风险的患者,并提出系统性术后利奈唑胺的替代方案变得至关重要。优选肠胃外药物,如脂肽或脂糖肽。
The choice of the best probabilistic postoperative antibiotics in bone and joint infections (BJIs) is still challenging. Since the implementation of protocolized postoperative linezolid in six French referral centers, linezolid-resistant multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (LR-MDRSE) strains were isolated in patients with BJI. We aimed here to describe clinical, microbiological, and molecular patterns associated with these strains. All patients with at least one intraoperative specimen positive for LR-MDRSE between 2015 and 2020 were included in this retrospective multicenter
study. Clinical presentation, management, and outcome were described. LR-MDRSE strains were investigated by MIC determination for linezolid and other anti-MRSA antibiotics, characterization of genetic determinants of resistance, and phylogenetic analysis. Forty-six patients (colonization n = 10, infection n = 36) were included in five centers, 45 had prior exposure to linezolid, 33 had foreign devices. Clinical success was achieved for 26/36 patients. Incidence of LR-MDRSE increased over the
study period. One hundred percent of the strains were resistant to oxazolidinones, gentamicin, clindamycin,
ofloxacin, rifampicin, ceftaroline, and ceftobiprole, and susceptible to cyclins, daptomycin, and dalbavancin. Susceptibility to delafloxacin was bimodal. Molecular analysis was performed for 44 strains, and the main mutation conferring linezolid resistance was the 23S rRNA G2576T mutation. All strains belonged to the sequence type ST2 or its clonal complex, and phylogenetic analysis showed emergence of five populations corresponding geographically to the centers. We showed the emergence of new clonal populations of highly linezolid-resistant S. epidermidis in BJIs. Identifying patients at risk for LR-MDRSE acquisition and proposing alternatives to systematic postoperative linezolid use are essential. IMPORTANCE The manuscript describes the emergence of clonal linezolid-resistant strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis (LR-MDRSE) isolated from patients presenting with bone and joint infections. Incidence of LR-MDRSE increased over the
study period. All strains were highly resistant to oxazolidinones, gentamicin, clindamycin,
ofloxacin, rifampicin, ceftaroline, and ceftobiprole, but were susceptible to cyclins, daptomycin, and dalbavancin. Susceptibility to delafloxacin was bimodal. The main mutation conferring linezolid resistance was the 23S rRNA G2576T mutation. All strains belonged to the sequence type ST2 or its clonal complex, and phylogenetic analysis showed emergence of five populations corresponding geographically to the centers. LR-MDRSE bone and joint infections seem to be accompanied by an overall poor prognosis related to comorbidities and therapeutic issues. Identifying patients at risk for LR-MDRSE acquisition and proposing alternatives to systematic postoperative linezolid use become essential, with a preference for parenteral drugs such as lipopeptids or lipoglycopeptids.