单独蜜蜂提供的授粉服务,世界上最大的蜜蜂群,对生态系统和农业系统的活力至关重要。令人不安的是,蜜蜂的数量在减少,虽然没有确定单一的致病因素,农药被认为在人口下降趋势中起作用。先前尚未系统地分类和审查农药对孤立蜜蜂物种的影响。
这项系统的范围界定审查了农药暴露对孤蜂影响的现有证据,以确定数据差距和优先研究需求。
开发了系统的文献检索策略,以识别和记录有关单独蜜蜂农药暴露影响调查的报告。随后使用人口对文献进行了相关性筛选,Exposures,比较器,和结果(PECO)声明,并组织成一个系统的证据图。调查按效应类别(对不成熟的致命效应,对成年人的致命影响,对不成熟的亚致死效应,和对成年人的亚致死效应),物种,农药类,和出版年。
对WebofScience和ProQuest农业与环境科学进行了全面的文献检索,并辅以有针对性的互联网搜索和参考挖掘,得出了176份标题和摘要筛选报告和出版物,其中65份符合PECO标准(22份包括致死性,43份包括亚致死性影响终点)。相关设计细节(农药、测试化合物配置,研究类型,物种,性别,暴露持续时间)被提取到文献清单表中,以揭示端点已被调查的程度和需要额外研究的领域。
证据图显示了整个数据库中研究的农药和终点的多样性。然而,在蜜蜂物种中稀释,缺乏补充的实验室工作和缺乏重复调查,使解释和应用现有数据支持农药风险评估的努力复杂化。
Pollination services provided by solitary bees, the largest group of bees worldwide, are critical to the vitality of ecosystems and agricultural systems alike. Disconcertingly, bee populations are in decline, and while no single causative factor has been identified, pesticides are believed to play a role in downward population trends. The effects of pesticides on solitary bee species have not been previously systematically cataloged and reviewed.
This systematic scoping
review examines available evidence for effects of pesticide exposure on solitary bees to identify data gaps and priority research needs.
A systematic literature search strategy was developed to identify and document reports on solitary bee pesticide exposure-effects investigations. Literature was subsequently screened for relevance using a Population, Exposures, Comparators, and Outcomes (PECO) statement and organized into a systematic evidence map. Investigations were organized by effect category (lethal effects on immatures, lethal effects on adults, sublethal effects on immatures, and sublethal effects on adults), species, pesticide class, and publication year.
A comprehensive literature search of Web of Science and ProQuest Agricultural & Environmental Science supplemented by targeted internet searching and reference mining yielded 176 reports and publications for title and abstract screening and 65 that met PECO criteria (22 included lethal and 43 included sublethal effects endpoints). Relevant design details (pesticide, test compound configuration, study type, species, sex, exposure duration) were extracted into literature inventory tables to reveal the extent endpoints have been investigated and areas in need of additional research.
Evidence mapping revealed diversity in the pesticides and endpoints studied across the database. However, dilution across bee species, lack of complementary laboratory work and paucity of replicated investigations complicate efforts to interpret and apply available data to support pesticide risk assessment.