目的:本研究的目的是(1)确定由世界卫生组织(WHO)欧洲区域办事处监测的53个国家的国家营养调查的覆盖率,并确定提供方面的差距,(2)描述相关调查属性;(3)检查是否报告了能量和营养素,以期为循证营养政策规划提供信息。
方法:使用三种方法收集饮食调查信息:(1)直接向调查作者和其他相关联系人发送电子邮件,(2)系统回顾文献数据库和(3)一般网络搜索。与时间范围有关的调查特征,自1990年以来发现的所有相关调查都提供了抽样和饮食方法以及所报告的营养素。
方法:世卫组织欧洲区域办事处的53个国家,它们需要对整个生命过程中的饮食调查进行概述。
方法:国家饮食调查中的欧洲人(成人和儿童)。
结果:在34个国家发现了1990年后进行的109项全国代表性饮食调查。其中,2000年后,来自33个国家的78项调查被发现,其中,来自27个国家的48项调查包括儿童,来自30个国家的60项调查包括成人。在53个国家中,有19个国家没有进行具有全国代表性的调查,主要来自中欧和东欧。多个24小时召回和食物日记是最常见的饮食评估方法。从2000年后的调查中,只有22个国家报告了能量和营养素的摄入量;大量营养素的报道比微量营养素的报道更广泛。
结论:不到三分之二的世卫组织欧洲国家有全国代表性的饮食调查,主要收集2000年后。主要的可用性差距在于中欧和东欧国家,因此,营养政策可能缺乏适当的证据基础。饮食方法的差异可能会限制国家间比较的范围。
OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the coverage of national nutrition surveys in the 53 countries monitored by the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe and identify gaps in provision, (2) to describe relevant survey attributes and (3) to check whether energy and nutrients are reported with a view to providing information for evidence-based nutrition policy planning.
METHODS: Dietary survey information was gathered using three methods: (1) direct email to survey authors and other relevant contacts, (2) systematic
review of literature databases and (3) general web-based searches. Survey characteristics relating to time frame, sampling and dietary methodology and nutrients reported were tabled from all relevant surveys found since 1990.
METHODS: Fifty-three countries of the WHO Regional Office for Europe, which have need for an overview of dietary surveys across the life course.
METHODS: European individuals (adults and children) in national diet surveys.
RESULTS: A total of 109 nationally representative dietary surveys undertaken post-1990 were found across 34 countries. Of these, 78 surveys from 33 countries were found post-2000, and of these, 48 surveys from 27 countries included children and 60 surveys from 30 countries included adults. No nationally representative surveys were found for 19 of 53 countries, mainly from Central and Eastern Europe. Multiple 24hr recall and food diaries were the most common dietary assessment methods. Only 22 countries reported energy and nutrient intakes from post-2000 surveys; macronutrients were more widely reported than micronutrients.
CONCLUSIONS: Less than two-thirds of WHO Europe countries have nationally representative diet surveys, mainly collected post-2000. The main availability gaps lie in Central and Eastern European countries, where nutrition policies may therefore lack an appropriate evidence base. Dietary methodological differences may limit the scope for inter-country comparisons.