感染性心内膜炎(IE)是一种可能导致大量发病率和死亡率的疾病。IE通常是由革兰氏阳性微生物引起的;然而,革兰氏阴性细菌也很少是原因。弯曲杆菌引起人畜共患病,也可能感染人类,主要由空肠弯曲菌引起胃肠道感染或C.胎儿侵袭性疾病,比如菌血症,脓毒症,脑膜炎,或血管感染。弯曲杆菌物种IE很少被描述,大多数报告是病例和/或病例系列。因此,这种疾病的特点,包括它的流行病学,临床表现,治疗,和结果,基本上是未知的。本研究旨在回顾所有已发表的弯曲杆菌IE病例并描述其特征。彻底搜索PubMed,Cochrane图书馆,和Scopus发表的提供流行病学信息的研究,临床发现,治疗,本叙述性综述对IE弯曲杆菌病例的结局进行了分析。共有22项研究包含来自26名患者的数据。在所有患者中,73.1%为男性;中位年龄为65岁。在所有患者中,36.4%有人工瓣膜病史。最常见的瓣膜是主动脉瓣,其次是二尖瓣。发烧,心力衰竭,败血症是最常见的临床表现。最常见的病原体是胎儿梭菌,只有一名患者患有空肠杆菌。所有抗菌药物的耐药性都很低,四环素的耐药性最高。氨基糖苷类和β-内酰胺类是最常用的抗微生物剂。48%的患者进行了手术。死亡率为26.9%。死亡的病人更容易患败血症,震惊,和心力衰竭,不太可能接受氨基青霉素治疗;然而,在多变量逻辑回归模型中,没有因素作为总死亡率的独立因素.
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a disease that may cause significant morbidity and mortality. IE is classically caused by Gram-positive microorganisms; however, Gram-negative bacteria may seldom also be the cause. Campylobacter species cause zoonosis and may also infect humans, mainly causing gastrointestinal infection by C. jejuni or invasive disease by C. fetus, such as bacteremia, sepsis, meningitis, or vascular infection. Campylobacter species IE has rarely been described, and most reports are cases and/or case series. Thus, the characteristics of this disease, including its epidemiology, clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome, remain largely unknown. This study aimed to
review all published Campylobacter IE cases and describe their characteristics. A thorough search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus for published studies providing information on epidemiology, clinical findings, treatment, and outcome of Campylobacter IE cases was performed for the present narrative
review. A total of 22 studies containing data from 26 patients were located and included. Among all patients, 73.1% were male; the median age was 65 years. Among all patients, 36.4% had a history of a prosthetic valve. The most commonly affected valve was the aortic, followed by the mitral. Fever, heart failure, and sepsis were the most frequent clinical findings. The most commonly isolated pathogen was C. fetus, with only one patient having C. jejuni IE. Antimicrobial resistance was low for all antimicrobials, with tetracycline having the highest resistance. Aminoglycosides and beta-lactams were the most commonly used antimicrobials. Surgery was performed in 48% of patients. The mortality rate was 26.9%. Patients who died were more likely to have sepsis, shock, and heart failure and were less likely to have been treated with aminopenicillins; however, no factor was identified in a multivariate logistic regression model as an independent factor for overall mortality.