在饮食接触时,内源性代谢响应于饮食来源的营养素和生物活性化合物,如植物化学物质。然而,由于与其他饮食成分的相互作用,反应差异显著,生活方式暴露,和内在因素,导致内源性调节代谢的差异。这些生理过程被证明是由构成代谢表型的各种代谢物组成的特征谱。或代谢型。因此,饮食摄入后生物样品的代谢概况将提供有关饮食的信息-即,作为摄入生物标志物和由这种摄入引发的持续生理反应,从而能够评估区分不同代谢型所需的代谢基础。非靶向代谢组学的能力也涵盖了前所未有的代谢物种类,使得通过单一分析可以对多种代谢物和相应的代谢型进行分析。解码饮食之间复杂的相互作用,其他相关因素,和健康。在这次系统审查中,我们筛选了在2007年1月至2018年7月发表的345篇英文文章,这些文章应用代谢组学方法分析了血液中与饮食干预相关的内源性代谢物的变化,由肠道微生物群或人类宿主的代谢产生。我们排除了所有直接来自饮食的化合物,以及侧重于补充个别化合物的饮食干预措施。在删除不太相关的研究和资格评估后,这篇综述包括49篇文章。首先,我们提到了个别因素的贡献,可修改或不可修改的因素,塑造代谢概况。然后,饮食的不同方面将如何影响代谢谱被解开。接下来,列出了在包括饮食干预后发生改变的内源性代谢物类别.我们还讨论了该领域当前的挑战,以及未来的研究机会。
Upon dietary exposure, the endogenous metabolism responds to the diet-derived nutrients and bioactive compounds, such as phytochemicals. However, the responses vary remarkably due to the interplay with other dietary components, lifestyle exposures, and intrinsic factors, which lead to differences in endogenous regulatory metabolism. These physiological processes are evidenced as a signature profile composed of various metabolites constituting metabolic phenotypes, or metabotypes. The metabolic profiling of biological samples following dietary intake hence would provide information about diet-that is, as the intake biomarkers and the ongoing physiological reactions triggered by this intake-thereby enable evaluation of the metabolic basis required to distinguish the different metabotypes. The capacity of nontargeted metabolomics to also encompass the unprecedented metabolite species has enabled the profiling of multiple metabolites and the corresponding metabotypes with a single analysis, decoding the complex interplay between diet, other relevant factors, and health. In this systematic
review, we screened 345 articles published in English in January 2007-July 2018, which applied the metabolomics approach to profile the changes of endogenous metabolites in the blood related to dietary interventions, either derived by metabolism of gut microbiota or the human host. We excluded all the compounds that were directly derived from diet, and also the dietary interventions focusing on supplementation with individual compounds. After the removal of less relevant studies and assessment of eligibility, 49 articles were included in this
review. First, we mention the contribution of individual factors, either modifiable or nonmodifiable factors, in shaping metabolic profile. Then, how different aspects of the diet would affect the metabolic profiles are disentangled. Next, the classes of endogenous metabolites altered following included dietary interventions are listed. We also discuss the current challenges in the field, along with future research opportunities.