背景:准确识别与工作相关的健康问题对于了解工作场所安全问题并制定适当的干预措施非常重要。尽管工人报告工伤或疾病是报告过程的第一步,许多工人在向管理层或工人补偿(WC)计划报告时可能会遇到挑战。本系统评价旨在确定工人对工伤和疾病的漏报水平,以及美国工人漏报的原因和原因。
方法:本研究搜索了PubMed(Medline),PsycINFO(ProQuest),CINAHL(EBSCOhost),EMBASE(Embase.com),和社会科学引文索引(WebofScience)使用与工作相关的伤害或疾病的漏报相关的搜索术语。
结果:确定了20项研究(17项定量研究和3项混合方法研究)。这些研究调查了向管理层报告(n=12),WC程序(n=6),多个组织(n=1),和未指定(n=1)。用于衡量报告流行率的时间范围从三个月到工人的整个职业生涯不等,最常见的时间是12个月。这项审查表明,有20-91%的工人没有向管理层或WC计划报告他们的伤害或疾病。从定量研究来看,伤害或疾病漏报的影响因素分类如下:伤害类型和严重程度,社会人口因素(例如,年龄,性别,教育,和种族/民族),一般健康和功能,工人的报告知识,工作和就业特征(例如,工作时间,工作任期,工作班次,职业类型,和物理需求),社会心理工作环境(例如,主管支持,同事支持,和安全气候),和医疗保健提供者的因素。从定性研究的回顾来看,漏报的原因包括:恐惧或担忧,报告过程中繁琐的时间和精力,缺乏关于报告的知识,认为受伤不严重或不是工作的一部分,以及对报告后果的不信任。
结论:审查结果表明,低收入者,种族/少数族裔工人,认为不良心理工作环境的工人在报告与工作有关的伤害或疾病时会遇到更多障碍。这项审查还确定了不同研究中与工作有关的伤害报告的测量差异以及缺乏标准化的测量。
背景:该评论已在PROSPERO中注册,健康和社会护理前瞻性注册系统评价的国际数据库(CRD42021284685).
Accurate identification of work-related health problems is important to understand workplace safety issues and develop appropriate interventions. Although workers\' reporting of work-related injuries or illnesses is the very first step of the reporting process, many workers may encounter challenges in reporting them to their management or workers\' compensation (WC) programs. This systematic
review aimed to identify the level of workers\' underreporting of work-related injuries and illnesses and the contributing factors and reasons for underreporting among US workers.
This study searched PubMed (Medline), PsycINFO (ProQuest), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), EMBASE (Embase.com), and Social Science Citation Index (Web of Science) using search terms related to underreporting of work-related injury or illness.
Twenty studies (17 quantitative and three mixed methods studies) were identified. The studies investigated reporting to management (n = 12), WC programs (n = 6), multiple organizations (n = 1), and not specified (n = 1). The timeframe used to measure reporting prevalence varied from three months to entire careers of workers, with the most common timeframe of 12 months. This
review indicated that 20-91% of workers did not report their injuries or illnesses to management or WC programs. From quantitative studies, contributing factors for injury or illness underreporting were categorized as follows: injury type and severity, sociodemographic factors (e.g., age, gender, education, and race/ethnicity), general health and functioning, worker\'s knowledge on reporting, job and employment characteristics (e.g., work hour, job tenure, work shift, type of occupation, and physical demand), psychosocial work environment (e.g., supervisor support, coworker support, and safety climate), and health care provider factors. From the
review of qualitative studies, the reasons for underreporting included the following: fear or concern, cumbersome time and effort in the reporting process, lack of knowledge regarding reporting, perceptions of injuries as not severe or part of the job, and distrust of reporting consequences.
The
review findings indicated that low wage earners, racial/ethnic minority workers, and workers who perceive a poor psychosocial work environment encounter more barriers to reporting a work-related injury or illness. This review also identified variations in the measurement of work-related injury reporting across studies and a lack of standardized measurement.
The
review was registered in the PROSPERO, an international database of prospectively registered systematic reviews in health and social care (CRD42021284685).