本研究探讨了GIS技术在分析和可视化哈萨克斯坦特别危险感染(EPI)的空间结构中的应用。国际合作促进了研究疾病重点模式的项目,改进数据分析和可视化。由EPI焦点的实地研究产生的大量电子数据库提高了研究的深度。自然焦点的动力学,受感染携带者种内结构的影响,受到工业和农业发展的影响,城市扩张,和气候变化。该研究指出了植物区系的变化,影响哺乳动物的迁移,从而改变自然焦点边界。工业活动,旋转方法,栖息地的变化有助于增加植物性疫区的流行潜力。尽管受到人为和气候的影响,哈萨克斯坦的鼠疫流行率仍然很高,有扩大地方性领土的趋势。关于鼠疫的统一电子数据库,Tularemia,炭疽病,和其他人畜共患病,为GIS分析而开发,启用自然焦点的映射和可视化。电子地图有助于确定地方性领土边界,评估传染病活动,并在风险评估的基础上制定预防措施。ESRI的ArcGISDesktop10.8带有ArcToolbox模块,促进了地理信息环境中的数据处理。数据包括流行病学检查结果,载体的物种组成,和实验室测试结果,加强对防疫措施的综合分析和决策。哈萨克斯坦的研究确定并详细说明了六个自然鼠疫和二十个自治鼠疫疫源地,按主要载体对它们进行分类,并观察自然热点的扩展。植物区系分为四个地理区域,进一步分为105个景观流行病学区域。实验室研究为分析鼠疫的动态情况提供电子地图。炭疽患病率,主要在黑钙土和栗子土壤中,被评估,揭示了1,778个未受影响的定居点和空间聚集点。流行病学指数有助于对炭疽病进行分区。Tularemia的景观发生分为四种类型,空间分析揭示了特定地区的集群和潜在的流行危险。地理信息技术突出高风险领域,为危险感染的预防措施辩护。所获得的结果是在具有高度潜在流行病危险的行政区域内优先采取预防措施的科学依据,并客观地表明了将GIS技术引入特别危险的流行病学监测实践的前景感染。
This
study explores the application of GIS technologies in analyzing and visualizing spatial structures of especially dangerous infections (EPI) in Kazakhstan. International collaborations have facilitated projects studying the focal patterns of diseases, improving data analysis and visualization. Extensive electronic databases resulting from field research on EPI foci have elevated the
study\'s depth. The dynamics of natural foci, influenced by intraspecific structures of infection carriers, are impacted by industrial and agricultural developments, urban expansions, and climate change. The
study notes changes in the enzootic territory, affecting mammal migration and consequently altering natural focus boundaries. Industrial activities, rotational methods, and habitat changes contribute to the increased epidemic potential in enzootic areas. Despite anthropogenic and climatic influences, the prevalence of plague remains high in Kazakhstan, with a trend towards expanding enzootic territories. Unified electronic databases on plague, tularemia, anthrax, and other zoonoses, developed for GIS analysis, enable mapping and visualization of natural foci. Electronic maps aid in determining enzootic territory boundaries, assessing infectious disease activity, and planning preventive measures based on risk assessment. ESRI\'s ArcGIS Desktop 10.8 with Arc Toolbox modules facilitated data processing in the geoinformation environment. Data includes epidemiological examination results, species composition of carriers, and laboratory test outcomes, enhancing comprehensive analysis and decision-making for anti-epidemic measures. The
study in Kazakhstan identifies and details six natural and twenty autonomous plague foci, categorizing them by main carriers and observing an expansion of natural hotspots. The enzootic territory is classified into four geographic zones, further divided into 105 landscape-epidemiological regions. Laboratory studies inform electronic maps for analyzing plague\'s dynamic situation. Anthrax prevalence, primarily in chernozem and chestnut soils, is assessed, revealing 1,778 unaffected settlements and spatially clustered points. An epidemiological index aids in zoning for anthrax trouble. Tularemia\'s landscape occurrence is classified into four types, with spatial analysis revealing clusters and potential epidemic danger in specific regions. Geographic information technologies highlight high-risk areas, justifying preventive measures for dangerous infections. The results obtained serve as a scientific justification for the priority of preventive measures within the boundaries of administrative territories characterized by a high degree of potential epidemic danger and objectively indicate the prospects for the introduction of GIS technologies into the practice of epidemiological surveillance of particularly dangerous infections.