背景：枸杞.（茄科）是经济上重要的植物属，生产具有高营养价值和药用价值的水果和叶子。然而,由于缺乏足够的分子标记，对这种植物进行遗传分析和分子育种以改善质量受到限制。
结果：在这项研究中，两个亲本菌株，\'宁启号.1'(枸杞L.)和'云南勾旗'(云南枸杞匡等陆)，并对200个F1杂种个体进行了重新测序以进行遗传分析。总的来说,开发了8,507个精心挑选的SNP，并构建了总遗传距离为2,122.24cM的高密度遗传图谱(NY图谱)。通过整合NY图谱和先前发表的包含15,240个SNP的遗传图谱（NC图谱），建立了共识遗传图谱。总遗传距离为3,058.19cM，平均图谱距离为0.21cM。使用该共有遗传图谱锚定了枸杞参考基因组的12条假染色体，锚固率为64.3%。此外，共识图和胡椒之间的弱共线，马铃薯,并观察了番茄基因组。确定了25个与叶子和水果相关的表型的稳定QTL，包括水果重量，水果经度,叶长,水果指数,和叶指数；这些稳定的QTL被映射到四个不同的连锁群，LOD评分范围为2.51至19.37，表型变异的解释量为6.2%至51.9%。最后,根据RNA-seq分析，作为果实相关性状的稳定QTL基础的188个预测基因中有82个差异表达。
结论：染色体水平的组装可以为枸杞的进一步功能基因组学研究奠定基础。这些稳定表达的QTL的基因组区域可以用作进一步精细定位和开发用于标记辅助选择（MAS）的分子标记的靶标。本研究提供了有关饱和SNP标记和可靠QTL的有价值信息，可用于基于图谱的枸杞产量和形态性状相关功能基因的克隆。
BACKGROUND: Lycium Linn. (Solanaceae) is a genus of economically important plants producing fruits and leaves with high nutritional value and medicinal benefits. However, genetic analysis of this plant and molecular breeding for quality improvement are limited by the lack of sufficient molecular markers.
RESULTS: In this study, two parental strains, \'Ningqi No. 1\' (Lycium barbarum L.) and \'Yunnan Gouqi\' (
Lycium yunnanense Kuang et A.M. Lu), and 200 F1 hybrid individuals were resequenced for genetic analysis. In total, 8,507 well-selected SNPs were developed, and a high-density genetic map (NY map) was constructed with a total genetic distance of 2,122.24 cM. A
consensus genetic map was established by integrating the NY map and a previously published genetic map (NC map) containing 15,240 SNPs, with a total genetic distance of 3,058.19 cM and an average map distance of 0.21 cM. The 12 pseudochromosomes of the
Lycium reference genome were anchored using this
consensus genetic map, with an anchoring rate of 64.3%. Moreover, weak collinearities between the
consensus map and the pepper, potato, and tomato genomes were observed. Twenty-five stable QTLs were identified for leaf- and fruit-related phenotypes, including fruit weight, fruit longitude, leaf length, the fruit index, and the leaf index; these stable QTLs were mapped to four different linkage groups, with LOD scores ranging from 2.51 to 19.37 and amounts of phenotypic variance explained from 6.2% to 51.9%. Finally, 82 out of 188 predicted genes underlying stable QTLs for fruit-related traits were differentially expressed according to RNA-seq analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: A chromosome-level assembly can provide a foundation for further functional genomics research for wolfberry. The genomic regions of these stably expressed QTLs could be used as targets for further fine mapping and development of molecular markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS). The present study provided valuable information on saturated SNP markers and reliable QTLs for map-based cloning of functional genes related to yield and morphological traits in Lycium spp.
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