背景：膳食指数是否与儿童膳食摄入的生物标志物相关尚不清楚。
目的：本研究旨在研究饮食质量与膳食摄入和血脂谱的血浆生物标志物之间的关系。
方法：研究样本包括130名4-13岁的儿童（平均值±SD：8.6±2.9y），这些儿童使用干预研究的基线数据得出。儿童和青少年饮食指南指数（DGI-CA）包括以下11个具有特定年龄标准的组成部分：5个核心食物组，全麦面包,低脂乳制品，可自由支配的食物(营养贫乏；饱和脂肪含量高，盐,和添加糖)，健康的脂肪/油，水,和饮食多样性（可能得分为100）。较高的分数反映出对饮食指南的更大依从性。收集静脉血用于测量血脂，脂肪酸组成，血浆类胡萝卜素，叶黄素,番茄红素,和α-生育酚。通过使用对数变换变量（结果），线性回归用于检查DGI-CA评分（自变量）与生物标志物浓度之间的关系。控制混杂因素。
结果：DGI-CA评分与血浆叶黄素浓度（标准化β=0.17）呈正相关（P<0.05），α-胡萝卜素（标准化β=0.28），β-胡萝卜素（标准化β=0.26），和n-3（ω-3）脂肪酸（标准化β=0.51），并与番茄红素（标准化β=-0.23）和硬脂酸（18：0）（标准化β=-0.22）的血浆浓度成反比。在饮食质量和α-生育酚之间没有观察到关联，n-6脂肪酸，或血脂谱(均P>0.05)。
结论：饮食质量，概念化为遵守国家饮食指南，在横截面上与膳食暴露的血浆生物标志物相关，但与血清脂质谱无关。该试验已在澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册中心注册(www.anztr.org.au）作为ACTRN12609000453280。
BACKGROUND: Whether dietary indexes are associated with biomarkers of children\'s dietary intake is unclear.
OBJECTIVE: The study aim was to examine the relations between diet quality and selected plasma biomarkers of dietary intake and serum lipid profile.
METHODS: The study sample consisted of 130 children aged 4-13 y (mean ± SD: 8.6 ± 2.9 y) derived by using baseline data from an intervention study. The Dietary
Guideline Index for Children and Adolescents (DGI-CA) comprises the following 11 components with age-specific criteria: 5 core food groups, whole-grain bread, reduced-fat dairy foods, discretionary foods (nutrient poor; high in saturated fat, salt, and added sugar), healthy fats/oils, water, and diet variety (possible score of 100). A higher score reflects greater compliance with dietary
guidelines. Venous blood was collected for measurements of serum lipids, fatty acid composition, plasma carotenoids,
lutein, lycopene, and α-tocopherol. Linear regression was used to examine the relation between DGI-CA score (independent variable) and concentrations of biomarkers by using the log-transformed variable (outcome), controlling for confounders.
RESULTS: DGI-CA score was positively associated (P < 0.05) with plasma concentrations of
lutein (standardized β = 0.17), α-carotene (standardized β = 0.28), β-carotene (standardized β = 0.26), and n-3 (ω-3) fatty acids (standardized β = 0.51) and inversely associated with plasma concentrations of lycopene (standardized β = -0.23) and stearic acid (18:0) (standardized β = -0.22). No association was observed between diet quality and α-tocopherol, n-6 fatty acids, or serum lipid profile (all P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Diet quality, conceptualized as adherence to national dietary
guidelines, is cross-sectionally associated with plasma biomarkers of dietary exposure but not serum lipid profile. This trial was registered with the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (www.anztr.org.au) as ACTRN12609000453280.
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