Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common disease of the lower urinary tract in men. The prevalence increases continuously with increasing age and a chronic progressive course is to be expected. In order to reduce the morbidity of affected patients and to improve their quality of life, the expert panel Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) of the German Society of Urology (DGU) has written a new version of the evidence-based \"S2e guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of BPH\". Using a current patient case, the contents of the new S2e guideline are illustrated, from diagnosis to the decision-making process for a suitable treatment choice. The case presented here shows the possible complexity and difficulty that can arise in the diagnosis of BPH, the need for further diagnostic steps and the finding of a suitable therapy in order to fulfill the patient\'s wishes, if possible.
UNASSIGNED: Das benigne Prostatasyndrom (BPS) ist die häufigste Erkrankung des unteren Harntraktes beim Mann. Die Prävalenz steigt kontinuierlich mit zunehmendem Lebensalter an und ein chronisch progredienter Verlauf ist zu erwarten. Um die Morbidität betroffener Patienten zu senken und die Lebensqualität zu verbessern, hat der Arbeitskreis Benignes Prostatasyndrom (BPS) der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Urologie e. V. (DGU) eine Neufassung der evidenzbasierten „S2e-Leitlinie Diagnostik und Therapie des BPS“ verfasst. Anhand eines aktuellen Patientenfalls werden hier die Inhalte der neuen S2e-Leitlinie von der Diagnostik bis zur Entscheidungsfindung einer passenden Therapiewahl anschaulich dargestellt. Im hier vorgestellten Fall zeigen sich die mögliche Komplexität und Schwierigkeit, die bei der Diagnose eines BPS auftreten können, die Notwendigkeit weiterführender Diagnostik und die Findung einer passenden Therapie, um auch vorliegende Patientenwünsche, wenn möglich, zu erfüllen.

The objective is to review the literature related to lower urinary tract (LUT) conditions in children to conceptualize general practice guidelines for the general practitioner, pediatrician, pediatric urologist, and urologist. PubMed was searched for the last 15-year literature by the committee. All articles in peer-review journal-related LUT conditions (343) have been retrieved and 76 have been reviewed extensively. Prospective trials were few and the level of evidence was low. Most of the recommendations have been done by committee consensus after extensive discussion of literature reports. History taking is an integral part of evaluation assessing day- and nighttime urine and bowel control, urgency, and frequency symptoms. Exclusion of any neurogenic and organic cause is essential. Uroflowmetry and residual urine determination are recommended in all patients to evaluate bladder emptying. Urodynamic studies are reserved for refractory or complicated cases. Urotherapy that aims to educate the child and family about bladder and bowel function and guides them to achieve normal voiding and bowel habits should initially be employed in all cases except those who have urinary tract infections (UTI) and constipation. Specific medical treatment is added in the case of refractory overactive bladder symptoms and recurrent UTIs.Conclusion: Producing recommendations for managing LUTS in children based on high-quality studies is not possible. LUTS in children should be evaluated in a multimodal way by minimal invasive diagnostic procedures. Urotherapy is the mainstay of treatment and specific medical treatment is added in refractory cases.What is Known:• Symptoms of the lower urinary tract may have significant social consequences and sometimes clinical morbidities like urinary tract infections and vesicoureteral reflux. In many children, however, there is no such obvious cause for the incontinence, and they are referred to as having functional bladder problems.What is New:• This review aims to construct a practical recommendation strategy for the general practitioner, pediatrician, pediatric urologist, and urologist for LUTS in children. Producing recommendations for managing LUTS in children based on high-quality studies is not possible. LUTS in children should be evaluated in a multimodal way by minimal invasive diagnostic procedures. Urotherapy is the mainstay of treatment and specific medical treatment is added in refractory cases.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this document is to establish practical recommendations on neurogenic bladder (NB) management based on scientific evidence and medical and nursing perspective in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Units as a first multidisciplinary consensual approach in Spain. METHODS: This paper reports results from the first modified Delphi consensus building exercise on this procedure. A committee of recognised opinion-leaders in rehabilitation and urology with special interest in NB was constituted. A working group formed by rehabilitation doctors, urologists and nursing staff of SCI and Neurorehabilitation Units of a number of Spanish hospitals and specialised centres associated with the panel of NB experts have prepared this document. RESULTS: This review provided an overview of the main aspects described by the different clinical guidelines already available and highlighted the need to focus on recommendations in special priority situations in which there was no consensus. In view of the considerable impact this condition has on quality of life, patients should be offered help to better understand the disorder and they should be taught how to use the treatment techniques to obtain satisfactory results and promote their autonomy. CONCLUSIONS: This article presents a version of guidelines for patients with NB. The guidelines define the clinical profile of patients to provide the best evidence- based care and also an overview of the current drug and surgical treatments of NB.
UNASSIGNED: El objetivo de este documento es establecer recomendaciones prácticas sobre el manejo de la vejiga neurógena (VN) en función de la evidencia científica y las perspectivas médicas y de enfermería en Unidades de Lesionados Medulares (ULM) como un primer enfoque de consenso multidisciplinar en España.MÉTODOS: En este artículo se presentan los resultados del primer ejercicio de consenso basado en metodología Delphi modificada sobre este procedimiento. Se constituyó un comité del que formaron parte reconocidos expertos en rehabilitación y urología, especializados en el manejo de VN. Este documento ha sido elaborado por un grupo de trabajo formado por médicos especialistas en rehabilitación, urólogos y personal de enfermería de ULM y unidades de Neurorrehabilitación de varios hospitales y centros especializados españoles asociados con el panel de expertos sobre VN. RESULTADOS: Esta revisión ofrece un resumen de los principales aspectos descritos en diversas guías clínicas ya disponibles y destaca la necesidad de centrarse en recomendaciones sobre situaciones especialmente prioritarias sobre las que actualmente no existe consenso. En vista del considerable impacto de esta enfermedad sobre la calidad de vida, los pacientes deben recibir ayuda para que comprendan mejor su enfermedad y también deben recibir formación sobre el uso de técnicas de tratamiento para conseguir resultados satisfactorios y fomentar su autonomía. CONCLUSIONES: En este artículo se presenta una versión de la guía para el manejo de pacientes con VN. Las guías definen el perfil clínico de los pacientes para ofrecer la mejor asistencia basada en la evidencia y también un resumen de los tratamientos farmacológicos y quirúrgicos actuales para la VN.

BACKGROUND: The most recent European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on urologic trauma were published in 2014.
OBJECTIVE: To present a summary of the 2014 version of the EAU guidelines on urologic trauma of the lower urinary tract with an emphasis on diagnosis and treatment.
METHODS: The EAU Trauma Panel reviewed the English-language literature via a Medline search for lower urinary tract injury (LUTI) up to November 2013. The focus was on newer publications and reviews, although older key references could be included.
RESULTS: A full version of the guidelines is available in print (EAU Guidelines 2014 edition, ISBN/EAN 978-90-79754-65-6) and online (www.uroweb.org). Blunt trauma is the main cause of LUTI. The preferred diagnostic modality for bladder and urethral injury is cystography and urethrography, respectively. In the treatment of bladder injuries, it is important to distinguish between extra- and intraperitoneal ruptures. Treatment of male anterior urethral injuries depends on the cause (blunt vs penetrating vs penile-fracture-related injury). Blunt posterior urethral injuries can be corrected by immediate/early endoscopic realignment. If this is not possible, such injuries are managed by suprapubic urinary diversion and deferred (>3 mo) urethroplasty. Treatment of female urethral injuries depends on the location of the injury and is usually surgical.
CONCLUSIONS: Correct treatment of LUTIs is important to minimise long-term urinary symptoms and sexual dysfunction. This review performed by the EAU trauma panel summarises the current management of LUTIs.
RESULTS: Patients with trauma to the lower urinary tract benefit from accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment according to the nature and severity of their injury.