今天,具有离子液体(IL)的聚合物电解质膜(PEMs)在中温和高温聚合物电解质膜燃料电池(MT-PEMFC和HT-PEMFC)中的使用已经增加。IL是有机盐,并且它们通常在低于100°C的温度下是液体,具有高导电性和热稳定性。含有IL的膜可以在高温(超过80°C)下通过PEM传导质子,与基于Nafion的膜不同。已经确定了广泛的IL,包括手性IL,bio-IL,基本IL,充满活力的IL,金属IL,和中性IL,That,其中,官能化离子液体(FIL)在其结构中包括许多离子交换基团,其改善和加速质子通过聚合物膜的传导。尽管使用IL具有积极的特点,这些有机盐的主要缺点是在燃料电池运行过程中从膜中浸出IL,这导致膜的性能降低;然而,有一些方法可以减少膜的浸出。本次审查的目的是通过评估过去几年进行的关键研究来概述这些问题,以便提供客观和全面的最新信息,介绍该领域取得的进展。关于MT-PEMFC和HT-PEMFC中IL利用的重要信息,IL结构,属性,并给出了合成。此外,本文探讨了离子浸出作为一个具有挑战性的缺点,以及解决这一问题的可能方法。目前的审查将是感兴趣的化学家,电化学家,环保主义者,以及任何其他从事可持续能源生产领域工作的研究人员。
Today, the use of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) possessing ionic liquids (ILs) in middle and high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (MT-PEMFCs and HT-PEMFCs) have been increased. ILs are the organic salts, and they are typically liquid at the temperature lower than 100 °C with high conductivity and thermal stability. The membranes containing ILs can conduct protons through the PEMs at elevated temperatures (more than 80 °C), unlike the Nafion-based membranes. A wide range of ILs have been identified, including chiral ILs, bio-ILs, basic ILs, energetic ILs, metallic ILs, and neutral ILs, that, from among them, functionalized ionic liquids (FILs) include a lot of ion exchange groups in their structure that improve and accelerate proton conduction through the polymeric membrane. In spite of positive features of using ILs, the
leaching of ILs from the membranes during the operation of fuel cell is the main downside of these organic salts, which leads to reducing the performance of the membranes; however, there are some ways to diminish
leaching from the membranes. The aim of this
review is to provide an overview of these issues by evaluating key studies that have been undertaken in the last years in order to present objective and comprehensive updated information that presents the progress that has been made in this field. Significant information regarding the utilization of ILs in MT-PEMFCs and HT-PEMFCs, ILs structure, properties, and synthesis is given. Moreover,
leaching of ILs as a challenging demerit and the possible methods to tackle this problem are approached in this paper. The present
review will be of interest to chemists, electrochemists, environmentalists, and any other researchers working on sustainable energy production field.