先前的研究表明,皮下(SCIT)和舌下特异性免疫疗法(SLIT)均可有效治疗过敏性鼻炎(AR)。进一步的研究已经评估了过敏原特异性免疫疗法(AIT)对不同耳朵的疗效,鼻子,和喉咙(ENT)表现,过敏可能有病因作用,如局部过敏性鼻炎(LAR),鼻窦炎(RS),中耳炎(OM),和腺样体扁桃体(AT)病。然而,耳鼻喉科疾病过敏的管理仍存在争议。据我们所知,这是除AR外,首次评估AIT在ENT疾病中的疗效的系统评价.文献数据证实AIT可能是LAR的有效治疗选择,尽管其效果仅限于短期随访的研究。此外,以前的研究表明,AIT作为辅助治疗可以改善慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的症状和手术结局.很少有研究支持以下假设:AIT可能对复发性上呼吸道感染如腺扁桃体疾病发挥积极的治疗作用。最后,一些临床观察表明,AIT可能在治疗渗出性中耳炎(OME)方面增加一些益处.这项系统评价的结果使我们得出结论,AIT在ENT疾病中的疗效仅得到了轻微的调查,还需要进行其他研究。
Previous studies have demonstrated that both subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual specific immunotherapy (SLIT) are effective in treating allergic rhinitis (AR). Further studies have evaluated the efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) on different ear, nose, and throat (ENT) manifestations, in which allergy might have an etiopathogenetic role, such as local allergic rhinitis (
LAR), rhinosinusitis (RS), otitis media (OM), and adenotonsillar (AT) disease. Nevertheless, the management of allergy in ENT diseases is still debated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic
review assessing the efficacy of AIT in ENT diseases aside from AR. Literature data confirmed that AIT might be an effective therapeutic option in
LAR, although its effect is restricted to studies with short-term follow-up. Furthermore, previous research demonstrated that AIT may improve symptoms and surgical outcomes of chronic rhinosinusitis when used as an adjunctive treatment. Few studies supported the hypothesis that AIT may exert positive therapeutic effects on recurrent upper airway infections as adenotonsillar disease. Finally, some clinical observations suggested that AIT may add some benefits in the management of otitis media with effusion (OME). The results of this systematic
review allow us to conclude that the efficacy of AIT in ENT disorders has been only slightly investigated and additional studies are needed.