上阿瓦什盆地的Akaki河,流经亚的斯亚贝巴,埃塞俄比亚首都,工厂和居民区的污水严重污染。一项基于人群的横断面研究用于评估生活在亚的斯亚贝巴子城市下游(Akaki-Kality)和上游(Gullele)污染区居民的微量元素与肾损伤之间的关系。研究中总共包括95名个体(来自Akaki-Kality的53名和来自Gullele的42名)。肾损伤分子1(KIM-1),铅,砷,镉,钴,铅,锰,锌,铁,铜,对居民尿液和指甲样本中的铬和镍进行了评估。样本人口中有很大一部分(74%)包含KIM-1,其中Akaki-Kality的居民为81%,Gullele的居民为64%。KIM-1是,然而,两个子城市之间没有显著差异(p=0.05),Akaki-Kality的中位数为0.224ng/mL,Gullele的中位数为0.152ng/mL。大多数被分析的元素,除了Pb,As,Cd和Co,在所有的指甲样本中发现,中位数(µg/g)在442-714Fe范围内,97.0–246Zn,11.6-24.1Mn,4.49-5.85铜,1.46-1.66Cr和1.22-1.41Ni。KIM-1的高发病率表明子城市居民中长期肾小管损伤的可能性。指甲中元素的浓度是,然而,与尿液中相应的KIM-1水平没有显着相关(p=0.05)。因此,观察到的KIM-1可能与暴露于有毒物质或除本研究以外的其他因素有关.
The Akaki River in the Upper Awash Basin, which flows through Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia, has been highly polluted by sewage from factories and residential areas. A population-based cross-sectional
study was used to assess the association between trace elements and kidney injury from residents living in polluted areas downstream (Akaki-Kality) versus upstream (Gullele) in Sub-Cities of Addis Ababa. A total of 95 individuals (53 from Akaki-Kality and 42 from Gullele) were included in the
study. Kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), lead, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, lead, manganese, zinc, iron, copper, chromium and nickel were evaluated in residents\' urine and nail samples. A large proportion (74%) of the sample population contained KIM-1, including 81% residents in Akaki-Kality and 64% residents in Gullele. KIM-1 was, however, not significantly different (p = 0.05) between the two Sub-Cities, with median of 0.224 ng/mL in Akaki-Kality and 0.152 ng/mL in Gullele. Most of the analyzed elements, except Pb, As, Cd and Co, were found in all of the nail samples, with median (µg/g) in the range of 442‒714 Fe, 97.0‒246 Zn, 11.6‒24.1 Mn, 4.49‒5.85 Cu, 1.46‒1.66 Cr and 1.22‒1.41 Ni. The high incidence of KIM-1 indicates a potential for long term renal tubular damage among residents of the Sub-Cities. The concentrations of the elements in nails were, however, not significantly associated (p = 0.05) with the corresponding levels of KIM-1 in urine. Hence, the observed KIM-1 might be related to exposure to toxic substances or factors other than those included in this
study.