背景:通过在开菲尔谷物中天然存在的细菌和酵母发酵乳中的乳糖产生了一种已经被认为具有心血管益处的饮料。这项对随机对照试验(RCTs)的系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估这种开菲尔饮料对心脏代谢危险因素的影响。
方法:利用PubMed进行文献检索,Scopus,ISIWebofScience,和GoogleScholar从成立到2021年6月发表的文章。提取的心脏代谢风险指数包括胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗(HOMA_IR),总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),空腹血糖(FBS),血红蛋白A1c(HbA1c)和体重(BW)。总的来说,选择6个RCT(314名受试者)进行荟萃分析.计算TC平均变化的方差加权平均差(WMD)和95%置信区间(CI)。TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,FBS,与基线相比,HbA1c和BW。使用随机效应模型来估计合并的WMD。
结果:开菲尔摄入量显着降低了空腹胰岛素(WMD:-3.69微IU/mL,95%CI:-6.30至-1.07,p=0.006,I2=0.0%)和HOMA-IR(WMD:-2.56,95%CI:-3.82至-1.30,p<0.001,I2=19.4%)。对TC无影响(p=0.088),TG(p=0.824),HDL-C(p=0.491),LDL-C(p=0.910),FBS(p=0.267),发现HbA1c(p=0.339)或体重(p=0.439)用于开菲尔治疗。
结论:开菲尔对降低胰岛素抵抗有有益作用;然而,对BW没有影响,FBS,HbA1C,和脂质分布。
Fermentation of lactose in milk by bacteria and yeasts naturally present in
kefir grains produces a beverage that has been suggested to have cardiovascular benefits. This systematic
review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effects of this
kefir beverage on cardiometabolic risk factors.
Literature search utilised PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles published from inception until June 2021. Cardiometabolic risk indices extracted included insulin and insulin resistance (HOMA_IR), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood sugar (FBS), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and body weight (BW). In total, six RCTs (314 subjects) were selected for the meta-analysis. Inverse-variance weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for the mean changes in TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, FBS, HbA1c and BW compared to baseline. A random effects model was used to estimate the pooled WMD.
Kefir intake significantly reduced fasting insulin (WMD: -3.69 micro-IU/mL,95% CI: -6.30 to -1.07, p = 0.006, I2 = 0.0%) and HOMA-IR (WMD: -2.56, 95% CI: -3.82 to -1.30, p<0.001, I2 = 19.4%). No effect on TC (p = 0.088), TG (p = 0.824), HDL-C (p = 0.491), LDL-C (p = 0.910), FBS (p = 0.267), HbA1c (p = 0.339) or body weight (p = 0.439) were found for kefir treatment.
Kefir has a beneficial effect in decreasing insulin resistance; however, no effect was seen on BW, FBS, HbA1C, and lipid profile.