■GobioHuanghensis是中国青藏高原和黄土高原交界处黄河特有的小型经济鱼类。为了解环境变化和人类活动对黄芩种群生态结构的影响,对年龄构成进行了比较研究,生长特性,死亡率,黄河上游甘肃和宁夏河段黄连种群的开采率。
结果:在调查期间,总共收集了1147个人,甘肃段收集了427个人,宁夏段收集了720个人。结果表明,甘肃段黄连的总长度为5.00至22.80厘米,平均12.68±4.03cm。在宁夏段,黄连的总长度在2.15到20.65厘米之间,平均9.48±3.56厘米。甘肃剖面黄连的年龄组成为1~7岁,观察到雌鱼在1到7岁之间,和1到6岁之间的雄性鱼。在宁夏段,雌鱼和雄鱼的年龄都在1至5岁之间。身长与体重的关系为(甘肃部分,R2=0.9738)和(宁夏部分,R2=0.9686),说明甘肃段鱼类呈正异速生长,而宁夏段的鱼类表现出负的异速生长。vonBertalanffy生长方程表明,甘肃段的黄连的渐近总长度L∞为27.426cm,生长系数K为0.225yr-1,而在宁夏段,渐近总长度L∞为26.945cm,增长系数K为0.263yr-1。甘肃段和宁夏段黄连总死亡率(Z)分别为0.7592年和1.1529年,分别。平均自然死亡率(M),通过三种不同的方法估计,甘肃段为0.4432年,宁夏段为0.5366岁。甘肃段黄连的开采率(E)为0.4163,宁夏段为0.5345,这表明宁夏部分的人口可能已经被过度开发。
结论:长期的捕捞压力和环境变化可能导致甘肃和宁夏地区黄连种群生态参数的变化。
UNASSIGNED: Gobio huanghensis is a small economic fish endemic to the Yellow River at the junction of the Tibetan Plateau and the Huangtu Plateau in China. To understand the impact of environmental changes and human activities on the ecological structure of the G. huanghensis population, a comparative
study was conducted on the age composition, growth characteristics, mortality rate, and exploitation rate of the G. huanghensis populations in the Gansu and Ningxia sections of the upper Yellow River.
RESULTS: During the investigation, a total of 1147 individuals were collected, with 427 individuals collected from the Gansu section and 720 individuals from the Ningxia section. The results showed that G. huanghensis in the Gansu section exhibited a total length ranging from 5.00 to 22.80 cm, with an average of 12.68 ± 4.03 cm. In the Ningxia section, the total length of G. huanghensis ranged from 2.15 to 20.65 cm, with an average of 9.48 ± 3.56 cm. The age composition of G. huanghensis in the Gansu section ranged from 1 to 7 years, where female fish were observed between 1 and 7 years old, and male fish between 1 and 6 years old. In the Ningxia section, both female and male fish ranged from 1 to 5 years old. The relationships between total length and body weight were (Gansu section, R2 = 0.9738) and (Ningxia section, R2 = 0.9686), indicating that fish in the Gansu section exhibit positive allometric growth, while fish in the Ningxia section exhibit negative allometric growth. The von Bertalanffy growth equation revealed that G. huanghensis in the Gansu section exhibited an asymptotic total length L∞ of 27.426 cm with a growth coefficient K of 0.225 yr-1, while in the Ningxia section, the asymptotic total length L∞ was 26.945 cm with a growth coefficient K of 0.263 yr-1. The total mortality rate (Z) values of G. huanghensis were 0.7592 yr and 1.1529 yr in the Gansu section and Ningxia section, respectively. The average natural mortality rate (M), estimated by three different methods, in the Gansu section was 0.4432 yr, while it was 0.5366 yr in the Ningxia section. The exploitation rate (E) of G. huanghensis was 0.4163 in the Gansu section and 0.5345 in the Ningxia section, indicating that the population in the Ningxia section may have been overexploited.
CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged fishing pressures and environmental changes may have led to variations in the ecological parameters of the G. huanghensis population between the Gansu and Ningxia sections.