纳米技术提供了为可持续作物生产提供创新解决方案的潜力,因为植物暴露于气候变化因素(CO2,温度,UV辐射,臭氧),非生物(重金属,盐度,干旱),和生物(病毒,细菌,真菌,线虫,和昆虫)的压力。特定尺寸的应用,形状,和纳米材料(NMs)的浓度可能通过调节光合速率来减轻植物的负面影响,氧化还原稳态,荷尔蒙平衡,通过上调抗应激代谢物来吸收营养,抗氧化剂防御途径,基因和基因网络。本综述灌输了吸收方面的最新进展,易位,NMs在植物中的积累机制。这篇评论的关键主题提供了对不同生理、生物化学,分子,NMs的胁迫耐受机制及其与不同植物激素的相互作用。NMs作为气候变化因素的双刃剑的作用,非生物,和营养吸收的生物胁迫,激素合成,细胞毒性,和基因毒性效应,包括染色体畸变,微核合成已被广泛研究。重要的是,这篇综述旨在深入了解在不同压力下低剂量和高剂量NMs的毒性效应,以开发创新方法并设计智能NMs以实现可持续作物生产。
Nanotechnology offers the potential to provide innovative solutions for sustainable crop production as plants are exposed to a combination of climate change factors (CO2, temperature, UV radiation, ozone), abiotic (heavy metals, salinity, drought), and biotic (virus, bacteria, fungi, nematode, and insects) stresses. The application of particular sizes, shapes, and concentration of nanomaterials (NMs) potentially mitigate the negative impacts in plants by modulation of photosynthetic rate, redox homeostasis, hormonal balance, and nutrient assimilation through upregulation of anti-stress metabolites, antioxidant defense pathways, and genes and genes network. The present
review inculcates recent advances in uptake, translocation, and accumulation mechanisms of NMs in plants. The critical theme of this
review provides detailed insights into different physiological, biochemical, molecular, and stress tolerance mechanism(s) of NMs action and their cross-talk with different phytohormones. The role of NMs as a double-edged sword for climate change factors, abiotic, and biotic stresses for nutrients uptake, hormones synthesis, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effects including chromosomal aberration, and micronuclei synthesis have been extensively studied. Importantly, this
review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the
hormesis effect at low and toxicity at higher doses of NMs under different stressors to develop innovative approaches and design smart NMs for sustainable crop production.