重金属在诱发细颗粒物(PM2.5)相关的心血管疾病(CVD)中起重要作用。然而,过去的大多数研究都涉及CVD死亡率和PM2.5质量之间的关系,这可能无法揭示PM2.5中重金属的CVD死亡风险。本研究探讨了PM2.5中单个重金属与CVD死亡率之间的相关性,确定了对PM2.5相关CVD有重要贡献的重金属,心脏病(HD),和脑血管疾病(CEV)死亡率,并尝试建立相应的源头控制措施。在2年的研究期间,广州每天都有PM2.5采样,中国和重金属分析。空气污染和天气数据,随着CVD,HD,和CEV死亡率,同时获得。使用分布滞后非线性模型将死亡的超额风险(ER)与单个重金属相关联。PM2.5和大多数重金属与CVD表现出显著的相关性,HD,和CEV死亡率;心血管疾病死亡率的最大累积ER(LCER)值与铅水平的四分位数间距增加相关,镉,砷,硒,锑,镍,铊,铝,铁,PM2.5为2.43%,2.23%,1.66%,2.39%,1.19%,1.21%,2.69%,3.29%,1.74%,和2.40%,分别。大多数重金属显示出相当的HD和CEV死亡率的LCER值。添加PM2.5的重金属按照其LCER值分为三组;铅,镉,砷,锑,铊,锌,铝,铁,其贡献大于或等于PM2.5成分的平均效应,应该优先限制。这些发现表明重金属在CVD中起作用,HD,PM2.5和CEV死亡风险,应针对排放源采取针对性控制措施,降低PM2.5的CVD死亡风险。
Heavy metals play an important role in inducing fine particulate matter (PM2.5) related cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, most of the past researches concerned the associations between CVD mortality and the PM2.5 mass, which may not reveal the CVD mortality risk contributed by heavy metals in PM2.5. This study explored the correlations between individual heavy metals in PM2.5 and CVD mortality, identified the heavy metals that significantly contribute to PM2.5-related CVD, heart disease (HD), and cerebrovascular disease (CEV) mortality, and attempted to establish corresponding source control measures. Over a 2-year study period, PM2.5 was sampled daily in Guangzhou, China and analyzed for heavy metals. The airborne pollution and weather data, along with CVD, HD, and CEV mortality, were obtained at the same time. The excess risk (ER) of mortality was linked to the individual heavy metals using a distributed lag non-linear model. PM2.5 and most heavy metals showed significant correlations with the CVD, HD, and CEV mortality; the largest cumulative ER (LCER) values of CVD mortality associated with an interquartile range increase in the levels of lead, cadmium, arsenic, selenium, antimony, nickel, thallium, aluminum, iron, and PM2.5 were 2.43%, 2.23%, 1.66%, 2.39%, 1.19%, 1.21%, 2.69%, 3.29%, 1.74%, and 2.40%, respectively. Most heavy metals showed comparable LCER values of HD and CEV mortality. Heavy metals with the addition of PM2.5 were divided into three groups following their LCER values; lead, cadmium, arsenic, antimony, thallium, zinc, aluminum, and iron, whose contributions were greater than or equal to the average effect of the PM2.5 components, should be limited on a priority basis. These findings indicated that heavy metals play roles in the CVD, HD, and CEV mortality risk of PM2.5, and specific control measures which aimed at the emission sources should be taken to reduce the CVD mortality risk of PM2.5.