背景:丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染是一个全球性的健康问题,尤其是由于其死亡率的增加。HCV基因型流行的详细知识具有临床相关性,因为治疗的功效受基因型和亚型分布的影响。此外,HCV在区域上表现出很大的遗传变异性。迄今为止,没有发表的研究评估地中海盆地特定国家的HCV基因型分布.这项研究的目的是回顾2000年至2017年发表的数据,目的是估计9个位于地中海盆地的欧洲国家HCV感染的基因型分布。
方法:对PubMed,Scopus,和EMBASE数据库,如果包含有关9个选定欧洲国家的HCV基因型分布的数据(阿尔巴尼亚,波斯尼亚,克罗地亚,法国,希腊,意大利,黑山,斯洛文尼亚,和西班牙)进行了表演。
结果:基因型1是最常见的(61.0%),从克罗地亚的80.0%到希腊的46.0%,其次是基因型3(20.0%),从斯洛文尼亚的38.0%到7.0%和8.0%,分别,在意大利和阿尔巴尼亚,按基因型4(10.0%)计算,截至2014年获得的数据显示增加了1.1%,这可能是由于越来越多的移民来到南欧。G2,第四最常见的基因型(8.5%),由于第二次世界大战期间的阿尔巴尼亚战役,意大利南部可能会引入意大利(27.0%)和阿尔巴尼亚(18.0%),而90年代从阿尔巴尼亚到意大利的移民流量越来越多。
结论:HCV感染的流行病学在与地中海接壤的欧洲国家中显示出高度的变异性。HCV基因分型是监测动态过程的相关工具,该过程受HCV情景中不断发展的传播趋势和新的迁移流的影响。
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem especially for its increasing level of mortality. Detailed knowledge of HCV genotypes prevalence has clinical relevance since the efficacy of therapies is impacted by genotypes and subtypes distribution. Moreover, HCV exhibits a great genetic variability regionally. To date, there are no published studies assessing HCV genotypes distribution in specific countries of the Mediterranean basin. The aim of this study was to
review data published from 2000 to 2017 with the purpose to estimate genotypes distribution of HCV infection in nine European countries all located in the Mediterranean basin.
METHODS: A systematic research of peer-reviewed journals indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases selected if containing data regarding distribution of HCV genotypes in nine selected European countries (Albania, Bosnia, Croatia, France, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, Slovenia, and Spain) was performed.
RESULTS: Genotype 1 is the most common (61.0%), ranging from 80.0% in Croatia to 46.0% in Greece, followed by genotype 3 (20.0%), varying from 38.0% in Slovenia to 7.0% and 8.0%, respectively, in Italy and in Albania and by genotype 4 (10.0%) that shows an increase of 1.1% with respect to data obtained till 2014 probably due to the increasing migrants arrivals to Southern Europe. G2, the fourth most frequent genotype (8.5%), particularly common in Italy (27.0%) and Albania (18.0%) might be probably introduced in Southern Italy as a result of Albanian campaign during Second World War and more and more increased by the migration flows from Albania to Italy in the 90s.
CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiology of HCV infection shows a high variability across the European countries that border the Mediterranean Sea. HCV genotyping is a relevant tool to monitor the dynamic process influenced by both evolving transmission trends and new migration flows on HCV scenario.