细胞表面聚糖(CSGs)对于细胞识别至关重要,附着力,和入侵,它们也可以作为疾病的生物标志物。使用凝集素的传统CSG识别具有局限性,例如特异性有限,稳定性低,高细胞毒性,和多价结合。适体,以其与靶分子的特异性结合能力而闻名,越来越多地用于CSG的生物传感。适体提供了高灵活性的优势,小尺寸,简单的修改,和单价识别,使它们能够整合到活细胞上CSG的分析中。在这次审查中,我们总结了基于适体的CSG生物传感的代表性例子,并确定了在CSG检测中利用适体的两种策略:基于适体-CSG结合的直接识别和通过蛋白质定位的间接识别。这些策略能够产生不同的信号,包括荧光,电化学,光声,和用于CSG检测的电化学发光信号。的优势,挑战,并讨论了使用适体进行CSG生物传感的未来前景。
Cell surface glycans (CSGs) are essential for cell recognition, adhesion, and invasion, and they also serve as disease biomarkers. Traditional CSG recognition using lectins has limitations such as limited specificity, low stability, high cytotoxicity, and multivalent binding. Aptamers, known for their specific binding capacity to target molecules, are increasingly being employed in the biosensing of CSGs. Aptamers offer the advantage of high flexibility, small size, straightforward modification, and monovalent recognition, enabling their integration into the profiling of CSGs on living cells. In this
review, we summarize representative examples of aptamer-based CSG biosensing and identify two strategies for harnessing aptamers in CSG detection: direct recognition based on aptamer-CSG binding and indirect recognition through protein localization. These strategies enable the generation of diverse signals including fluorescence, electrochemical, photoacoustic, and electrochemiluminescence signals for CSG detection. The advantages, challenges, and future perspectives of using aptamers for CSG biosensing are also discussed.