死心是髓腐黄芩的重要性状。本研究的目的是利用多组学方法阐明死心的科学内涵。代谢组学和转录组学结合主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)等多元统计分析,系统地比较了韧皮部化学成分和基因表达的差异。髓腐烂的黄芩的外部木质部和近死木质部。结果表明,三个部位的黄酮苷和苷元含量存在显着差异。与韧皮部和外部木质部相比,近死木质部的黄酮苷(包括黄芩苷,去甲Wogonin-7-O-β-D-葡糖苷酸,奥木精A-7-O-β-D-葡糖苷酸,和Wogonoside),而苷元的含量显着增加(包括3,5,7,2\',6\'-五羟基二氢黄酮,黄芩苷,Wogonin,和奥木精A)。差异表达基因主要集中在苯丙素代谢等KEGG通路,类黄酮生物合成,ABC运输车,和植物MAPK旌旗灯号转导通路。本研究系统地阐明了经过多个生长年份的髓腐化黄芩死心的物质基础。具体来说,近死木质部中类黄酮苷元的含量显著增加,以及黄酮类糖苷水解等代谢途径的基因表达,木栓发育和程序性凋亡显著上调。本研究为指导髓腐化黄芩的优质生产提供了理论依据。
Dead heart is an important trait of pith-decayed Scutellariae Radix. The purpose of this
study was to clarify the scientific connotation of the dead heart using multi-omics. Metabolomics and transcriptomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis such as principal component analysis(PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) were used to systematically compare the differences in chemical composition and gene expression among phloem, outer xylem and near-dead xylem of pith-decayed Scutella-riae Radix. The results revealed significant differences in the contents of flavonoid glycosides and aglycones among the three parts. Compared with phloem and outer xylem, near-dead xylem had markedly lowered content of flavonoid glycosides(including baicalin, norwogonin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, oroxylin A-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, and wogonoside) while markedly increased content of aglycones(including 3,5,7,2\',6\'-pentahydroxy dihydroflavone, baicalin, wogonin, and oroxylin A). The differentially expressed genes were mainly concentrated in KEGG pathways such as phenylpropanoid metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, ABC transporter, and plant MAPK signal transduction pathway. This
study systematically elucidated the material basis of the dead heart of pith-decayed Scutellariae Radix with multiple growing years. Specifically, the content of flavonoid aglycones was significantly increased in the near-dead xylem, and the gene expression of metabolic pathways such as flavonoid glycoside hydrolysis, interxylary cork development and programmed apoptosis was significantly up-regulated. This
study provided a theoretical basis for guiding the high-quality production of pith-decayed Scutellariae Radix.