这项研究的目的是根据荷兰社区居住的老年人的筛查和诊断提供有关营养不良患病率的最新数据。使用了来自阿姆斯特丹纵向老龄化研究（n=1138）和2019-2021年荷兰国家食品消费调查（n=607）的2021年至2022年考试浪潮中65岁及以上的社区男性和女性的数据。营养不良的患病率基于短期营养评估问卷65+（SAQ65+）筛查工具的阳性评分，使用全球领导力营养不良倡议（GLIM）标准及其组合的阳性诊断。在组合样本中(n=1745)，平均年龄为74（SD6）岁，其中16.7%的人年龄在80岁或以上，50.5%是女性，56.9%的人受过高等教育，30.3%独自生活。合并样本中基于SAQ65+筛查的营养不良患病率为8.5％（95％CI7.3-9.9％）。在所有GLIM标准的完整数据的LASA参与者亚组(n=700)中，根据SAQ65+,营养不良的患病率为5.4%,根据GLIM,营养不良的患病率为7.1%.SNAQ65+筛查阳性，随后GLIM诊断阳性，导致患病率较低（3.1％）。作为女性，年长的,独自生活,接受正式的家庭护理，自我评估的健康状况很差，食欲不振,或移动性限制，它们都与较高的患病率有关，在某些亚组中，患病率高出两倍以上。结果显示，根据SNAQ65筛查，目前十二名65岁及以上的社区居住成年人中有一人营养不良，根据GLIM诊断标准,14例中有1人营养不良.需要提高认识，以提高社区和初级保健的早期认识和治疗，尤其是弱势群体。
The aim of this study was to provide recent data on the prevalence of undernutrition based on screening and diagnosis in Dutch community-dwelling older adults. The data from the 2021 to 2022 examination wave from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (n = 1138) and the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2019-2021 (n = 607) on community-dwelling men and women aged 65 years and older were used. The prevalence of undernutrition was based on a positive score on the Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire 65+ (SNAQ65+) screening tool, a positive diagnosis using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria and their combination. Of the combined sample (n = 1745), the mean age was 74 (SD 6) years, where 16.7% were aged 80 years or older, 50.5% was female, 56.9% had a high education level, and 30.3% lived alone. The prevalence of undernutrition based on the SNAQ65+ screening in the combined sample was 8.5% (95% CI 7.3-9.9%). In the subgroup of LASA participants with complete data on all GLIM criteria (n = 700), the prevalence of undernutrition was 5.4% based on SNAQ65+ and 7.1% based on GLIM. A positive SNAQ65+ screening followed by a positive GLIM diagnosis resulted in a lower prevalence (3.1%). Being female, older, living alone, receiving formal home care, and having poor self-rated health, poor appetite, or mobility limitations, they were all associated with a higher prevalence, with more than two-fold higher prevalence rates in some subgroups. The results show that currently one out of twelve community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older is undernourished based on the SNAQ65+ screening, and one out of fourteen is undernourished based on the GLIM diagnosis criteria. Awareness is needed to increase early recognition and treatment in community and primary care, especially among the more vulnerable groups.
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