背景:作物的野生近缘种代表了作物改良的重要性状的主要来源。这些资源受到栖息地破坏的威胁,土地利用变化,和其他因素,要求他们的紧急收集和长期可用性的研究和繁殖从外地收集。我们提出了一种方法来识别作物野生近缘种离地收集中的差距(即差距分析),以指导有效和有效的收集活动。
结果:该方法基于采样组合在分类单元之间进行优先级排序,地理,和环境差距。我们将差距分析方法应用于菜豆基因库的野生分类单元。在85个分类单元中,由于缺乏,48人(56.5%)被分配了高优先级的收集,或代表性不足,在基因库,17个分类单元被给予中等优先权收集,15低优先级,和5个物种被评估为在异地收集中充分代表。间隙\"热点\",代表优先收集的目标区域,集中在墨西哥中部,尽管一组优先物种的狭窄特有性质为空间收集优先级增加了许多特定的额外区域。
结论:差距分析方法的结果大多与专家对异地收集差距的意见非常吻合,只有少数例外。通过在分析中包括预测威胁因素,可以实现对分类单元和地理区域进行更详细的优先排序,例如气候变化或栖息地破坏,或通过添加额外的优先级过滤器,例如与栽培物种的相关度(即在作物育种中的易用性)。此外,可能会覆盖多种作物的结果,这将允许对世界植物遗传资源的异地收集的差距进行全球分析。
BACKGROUND: The wild relatives of crops represent a major source of valuable traits for crop improvement. These resources are threatened by habitat destruction, land use changes, and other factors, requiring their urgent collection and long-term availability for research and breeding from ex situ collections. We propose a method to identify gaps in ex situ collections (i.e. gap analysis) of crop wild relatives as a means to guide efficient and effective collecting activities.
RESULTS: The methodology prioritizes among taxa based on a combination of sampling, geographic, and environmental gaps. We apply the gap analysis methodology to wild taxa of the Phaseolus genepool. Of 85 taxa, 48 (56.5%) are assigned high priority for collecting due to lack of, or under-representation, in genebanks, 17 taxa are given medium priority for collecting, 15 low priority, and 5 species are assessed as adequately represented in ex situ collections. Gap \"hotspots\", representing priority target areas for collecting, are concentrated in central Mexico, although the narrow endemic nature of a suite of priority species adds a number of specific additional regions to spatial collecting priorities.
CONCLUSIONS: Results of the gap analysis method mostly align very well with expert opinion of gaps in ex situ collections, with only a few exceptions. A more detailed prioritization of taxa and geographic areas for collection can be achieved by including in the analysis predictive threat factors, such as climate change or habitat destruction, or by adding additional prioritization filters, such as the degree of relatedness to cultivated species (i.e. ease of use in crop breeding). Furthermore, results for multiple crop genepools may be overlaid, which would allow a global analysis of gaps in ex situ collections of the world\'s plant genetic resources.