为了确定禁食和进食运动对能量摄入的急性影响,能量消耗,主观饥饿和胃肠激素释放。
中央,Embase,MEDLINE,PsycInfo,PubMed,搜索了Scopus和WebofScience数据库,以确定随机的,在健康个体中进行交叉研究,比较以下干预措施:(I)禁食运动与标准化运动后膳食[FastEx+膳食],(ii)没有标准化运动后膳食的禁食运动[FastEx+NoMeal],(iii)带有标准化运动后膳食的饮食运动[FedEx+膳食],(iv)没有标准化运动后膳食的喂食运动[FedEx+NoMeal]。研究必须测量了随意摄入的膳食能量,实验室内能量摄入,24小时能量摄入,能量消耗,主观饥饿酰基生长素释放肽,肽YY,和/或胰高血糖素样肽1.对包含≥5项研究的结局进行随机效应网络荟萃分析。
确定了17篇发表的文章(23项研究)。与FedExNoMeal相比,FedEx+Meal期间的Adlibitum餐能量摄入量显着降低(MD:-489kJ;95%CI,-898至-80kJ;P=0.019)。与FedEx+NoMeal相比,FastEx+NoMeal期间的实验室内能量摄入显著降低(MD:-1326kJ;95%CI,-2102至-550kJ;P=0.001)。同样,FastEx+NoMeal后24小时能量摄入显著低于FedEx+NoMeal(MD:-2095kJ;95%CI,-3910kJ至-280kJ;P=0.024)。然而,与FedEx+NoMeal相比,FastEx+NoMeal期间的能量消耗显着降低(MD:-0.67kJ/min;95%CI,-1.10至-0.23kJ/min;P=0.003)。与FedEx+NoMeal相比,FastEx+Meal(MD:13mm;95%CI,5-21mm;P=0.001)和FastEx+NoMeal(MD:23mm;95%CI,16-30mm;P<0.001)期间的主观饥饿显著更高。
FastEx+NoMeal似乎是短期减少能量摄入的最有效策略,但也导致饥饿增加和能量消耗降低。然而,对实验设计的担忧降低了对这些发现的信心,在调查运动进餐时间和能量平衡时,有必要进行未来的研究来纠正这些问题。
CRD42020208041。
在运动完成后,采用标准化的运动后餐食进行的Fed锻炼导致了最低的能量摄入。在没有标准化的运动后膳食的情况下,快速运动导致实验室内和24小时能量摄入最低。但也产生了最低的能量消耗和最高的饥饿。方法问题降低了对这些发现的信心,需要今后的工作来解决已发现的问题。
To determine the acute effect of fasted and fed exercise on energy intake, energy expenditure, subjective hunger and gastrointestinal hormone release.
CENTRAL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched to identify randomised, crossover studies in healthy individuals that compared the following interventions: (i) fasted exercise with a standardised post-exercise meal [FastEx + Meal], (ii) fasted exercise without a standardised post-exercise meal [FastEx + NoMeal], (iii) fed exercise with a standardised post-exercise meal [FedEx + Meal], (iv) fed exercise without a standardised post-exercise meal [FedEx + NoMeal]. Studies must have measured ad libitum meal energy intake, within-lab energy intake, 24-h energy intake, energy expenditure, subjective hunger, acyl-ghrelin, peptide YY, and/or glucagon-like peptide 1. Random-effect network meta-analyses were performed for outcomes containing ≥5 studies.
17 published articles (23 studies) were identified. Ad libitum meal energy intake was significantly lower during FedEx + Meal compared to FedEx + NoMeal (MD: -489 kJ; 95% CI, -898 to -80 kJ; P = 0.019). Within-lab energy intake was significantly lower during FastEx + NoMeal compared to FedEx + NoMeal (MD: -1326 kJ; 95% CI, -2102 to -550 kJ; P = 0.001). Similarly, 24-h energy intake following FastEx + NoMeal was significantly lower than FedEx + NoMeal (MD: -2095 kJ; 95% CI, -3910 kJ to -280 kJ; P = 0.024). Energy expenditure was however significantly lower during FastEx + NoMeal compared to FedEx+NoMeal (MD: -0.67 kJ/min; 95% CI, -1.10 to -0.23 kJ/min; P = 0.003). Subjective hunger was significantly higher during FastEx + Meal (MD: 13 mm; 95% CI, 5-21 mm; P = 0.001) and FastEx + NoMeal (MD: 23 mm; 95% CI, 16-30 mm; P < 0.001) compared to FedEx + NoMeal.
FastEx + NoMeal appears to be the most effective strategy to produce a short-term decrease in energy intake, but also results in increased hunger and lowered energy expenditure. Concerns regarding experimental design however lower the confidence in these findings, necessitating future research to rectify these issues when investigating exercise meal timing and energy balance.
CRD42020208041.
Fed exercise with a standardised post-exercise meal resulted in the lowest energy intake at the ad libitum meal served following exercise completion. Fasted exercise without a standardised post-exercise meal resulted in the lowest within-lab and 24-h energy intake, but also produced the lowest energy expenditure and highest hunger. Methodological issues lower the confidence in these findings and necessitate future work to address identified problems.