背景:糖尿病足畸形是糖尿病足溃疡的主要原因之一,导致下肢截肢。然而,埃塞俄比亚糖尿病患者足部畸形分布及其危险因素的研究有限。这项研究确定了在DebreMarkos综合专科医院随访的成年糖尿病患者足部畸形的总体患病率和相关因素。埃塞俄比亚西北部。
方法:在DebreMarkos综合专科医院使用系统随机抽样技术对392名糖尿病患者进行了基于医院的横断面研究。数据是通过预测试收集的,半结构化问卷和糖尿病足评估格式。多变量二元逻辑回归用于确定因变量和自变量之间的关联。调整后的优势比(AOR)及其95%置信区间(CI)用于确定关联的强度,且p值<0.05的变量是糖尿病足畸形的显著影响因素。
结果:足畸形的总体患病率为33.4%[95%CI:28.9-38.3]。在最后的逻辑回归分析中,农村居民[AOR=2.64,95%CI:1.31,5.31],血糖控制不良[AOR=2.41;95%CI:1.34,4.33],糖尿病病程≥10年[AOR=2.74;95%CI:1.50,5.02],鞋类不足[AOR=2.11;95%CI:1.17,3.82]和周围神经病变的存在[AOR=8.21;95%CI:4.54,14.84]是与糖尿病足畸形有统计学意义的相关因素.
结论:成人糖尿病患者足畸形的患病率较高。建议在常规糖尿病患者随访中纳入足部畸形筛查,特别是对于血糖控制不佳的患者,农村居民,糖尿病持续时间长,不足的鞋类,和糖尿病周围神经病变。
BACKGROUND: Diabetes foot deformity is among the major causes of diabetic foot ulceration, resulting in lower limb amputation. However, the
study on the distribution of foot deformity and its risk factor among diabetic patients in Ethiopia is limited. This
study determined the overall prevalence and associated factors of foot deformity among adult diabetic patients on follow-up at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
METHODS: Hospital-based cross-sectional
study was conducted among 392 diabetic patients using a systematic random sampling technique at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Data were collected by pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaires and diabetic foot assessment format. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to determine the association between dependent and independent variables. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with their 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to determine the strength of the association, and a variable with a p-value < 0.05 was statistically significant factors of diabetes foot deformity.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of foot deformity was 33.4% [95% CI: 28.9-38.3]. In the final logistic regression analysis, rural residency [AOR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.31, 5.31], poor glycemic control [AOR = 2.41; 95% CI: 1.34, 4.33], diabetes duration ≥ 10 years [AOR = 2.74; 95% CI: 1.50, 5.02], inadequate footwear [AOR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.82] and presence of peripheral neuropathy [AOR = 8.21; 95% CI: 4.54, 14.84] were statistically significant associated factors with diabetes foot deformity.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of foot deformity among adult diabetic patients was high. It is recommended to incorporate foot deformity screening in routine diabetic patient follow-ups especially for those with poor glycaemic control, rural residency, long diabetes duration, inadequate footwear, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy.