约占全球二氧化碳排放量的8%,是在水泥制造过程中产生的,这也涉及大量使用原材料,导致不利的环境影响。因此,世界各地正在进行广泛的研究,以探索在混凝土生产中利用不同的工业废物副产品作为水泥替代品的可行性。粉煤灰(FA),偏高岭土(MK),硅粉(SF),和磨碎的粒状高炉矿渣(GGBS)是潜在的工业材料,可以用作透水混凝土中的水泥替代品。然而,在文献中存在矛盾的发现,关于工业补充胶凝材料(ISCM)作为部分水泥替代品对物理的影响,机械,透水混凝土的耐久性能。这篇综述的目的是研究使用ISCM的可行性和潜在好处,并比较它们作为透水混凝土生产中的部分水泥替代品。分析主要考察了ISCM作为部分水泥替代物对胶凝性能的影响,包括ISMC的属性,机械性能,透水混凝土的耐久性。ISCM的影响主要来自其火山灰反应和填料特性。SF由于其高表面积和无定形结构而具有最高的反应性,导致快速的火山灰反应。GGBS和FA具有中等反应性,而MK由于其晶体结构而具有相对较低的反应性。各种研究结果表明,添加FA,SF,由于SF和MK的填料效应,高达约20%的MK导致孔隙率和渗透性降低,同时提高抗压强度和耐久性。结合GGBS略微增加渗透性,同时引起压缩强度的略微降低。掺入FA的透水混凝土的渗透性和抗压强度范围,SF,GGBS和MK为0.17-1.46cm/s和4-35MPa,0.56-2.28cm/s和3.1-35MPa,0.19-0.64cm/s和8-42MPa,0.10-1.28cm/s和5.5-41MPa,分别,在非结构应用透水混凝土的可接受范围内。总之,可以通过用FA代替高达20%的水泥来生产可持续的透水混凝土,SF,GGBS,而MK,从而减少水泥消耗,碳足迹,能源使用,以及与常规水泥生产相关的空气污染。然而,需要进一步的研究来系统地评估耐久性能,长期行为,and,开发用于分析含ISMC的透水混凝土的CO2排放和成本考虑的模型。
Around 8% of the global carbon dioxide emissions, are generated during cement manufacturing, which also involves significant use of raw materials, leading to adverse environmental effects. Consequently, extensive research is being conducted worldwide to explore the feasibility of utilizing different industrial waste by-products as alternatives to cement in concrete production. Fly ash (FA), Metakaolin (MK), Silica fume (SF), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) are potential industrial materials that can serve as cement substitutes in pervious concrete. However, there exist conflicting findings in the literature regarding the impact of industrial supplementary cementitious materials (ISCMs) as partial cement replacements on the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of pervious concrete. The aim of this
review is to investigate the feasibility and potential benefits of using ISCMs and compare them as partial cement replacements in the production of pervious concrete. The analysis primarily examines the effect of ISCMs as partial cement replacements on cementitious properties, including properties of ISMCs, mechanical properties, and durability of pervious concrete. The influence of ISCMs primarily stems from their pozzolanic reaction and filler characteristics. SF has the highest reactivity due to its high surface area and amorphous structure, resulting in a rapid pozzolanic reaction. GGBS and FA have moderate reactivity, while MK has relatively low reactivity due to its crystalline structure. Results from various studies indicate that the addition of FA, SF, and MK up to approximately 20% leads to a reduction in porosity and permeability while improving compressive strength and durability due to the filler effect of SF and MK. Incorporating GGBS increases permeability slightly while causing a slight decrease in compressive strength. The range of permeability and compressive strength for pervious concrete incorporating FA, SF, GGBS and MK were 0.17-1.46 cm/s and 4-35 MPa, 0.56-2.28 cm/s and 3.1-35 MPa, 0.19-0.64 cm/s and 8-42 MPa, 0.10-1.28 cm/s and 5.5-41 MPa, respectively, which are in the acceptable range for non-structural application of pervious concrete. In conclusion, it is possible to produce sustainable pervious concrete by substituting up to 20% of cement with FA, SF, GGBS, and MK, thereby reducing cement consumption, carbon footprint, energy usage, and air pollution associated with conventional cement production. However, further research is required to systematically assess the durability properties, long-term behavior, and, develop models for analyzing CO2 emissions and cost considerations of pervious concrete containing ISMCs.