轻度认知障碍(MCI)是一种临床综合征,其特征是一种或多种认知功能中度下降,在日常生活活动中保持自主性。MCI表现出认知能力,行为,心理症状。执行功能(EF)是日常生活和身心健康的关键功能,允许行为适应外部变化。更高级别的执行功能从基本EF(抑制,工作记忆,注意控制,和认知灵活性)。他们在计划,推理,解决问题,和流体智能(Gf)。本系统综述调查了高级执行功能与健康和病理性衰老之间的关系,假设执行功能缺陷作为认知能力下降的预测因子。系统审查是根据PRISMA声明进行的。共确定了73项研究。结果表明,65.8%的研究证实了MCI中的显著EF改变(56.8%的计划,50%的推理,100%解决问题,71.4%流体智能)。这些结果似乎突显了MCI老年人的高级执行功能缺陷的患病率高于健康老年人。
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a moderate decline in one or more cognitive functions with a preserved autonomy in daily life activities. MCI exhibits cognitive, behavioral, psychological symptoms. The executive functions (EFs) are key functions for everyday life and physical and mental health and allow for the behavior to adapt to external changes. Higher-level executive functions develop from basic EFs (inhibition, working memory, attentional control, and cognitive flexibility). They are planning, reasoning, problem solving, and fluid intelligence (Gf). This systematic
review investigates the relationship between higher-level executive functions and healthy and pathological aging, assuming the role of executive functions deficits as a predictor of cognitive decline. The systematic
review was conducted according to the PRISMA Statement. A total of 73 studies were identified. The results indicate that 65.8% of the studies confirm significant EFs alterations in MCI (56.8% planning, 50% reasoning, 100% problem solving, 71.4% fluid intelligence). These results seem to highlight a strong prevalence of higher-level executive functions deficits in MCI elderly than in healthy elderly.