背景:体重过轻是儿童普遍存在的健康问题。这项研究旨在确定与哈马丹市1-2岁儿童体重不足相关的因素。与在这一领域进行的研究不同,它们是横截面的,没有提供年龄变化对体重不足的影响的信息,我们的纵向方法提供了对体重随时间变化的见解。另一方面,这项研究的重点是1至2岁的高危年龄组,仅在一些研究中得到了解决。
方法:在这项纵向研究中,414名1至2岁儿童的母亲前往哈马丹市的卫生中心,其信息在SIB系统中,一个全面的电子系统,进行了检查,以确定与体重不足相关的因素。反应变量是按年龄划分的体重标准,分为三类:体重不足,正常体重,超重。使用两级纵向序数模型来确定与体重不足相关的因素。
结果:在研究的儿童中,201(48.6%)为女孩,213(51.4%)为男孩。体重过轻的重要危险因素包括母亲受教育程度低(AOR=3.56,95%CI:1.10-11.47),孕产妇失业率(AOR=3.38,95%CI:1.05-10.91),产妇身高(AOR=0.85,95%CI:0.79-0.92),缺乏医疗保险(AOR=2.85,95%CI:1.04-7.84),胎龄小于24岁(AOR=3.17,95%CI:16.28-0.97),儿童年龄12-15个月(AOR=2.27,95%CI:1.37-3.74),和儿童出生体重(AOR=0.63,95%CI:0.70-0.58)。
结论:根据本研究的结果,儿童体重不足的可能性似乎与母亲的特征更相关;因此,照顾妈妈可以控制一些孩子的体重下降。
BACKGROUND: Underweight is a prevalent health issue in children. This
study aimed to identify factors associated with underweight in children aged 1-2 years in Hamadan city. Unlike the studies conducted in this field, which are cross-sectional and do not provide information on the effect of age changes on underweight, our longitudinal approach provides insights into weight changes over time. On the other hand, this
study focuses on the high-risk age group of 1 to 2 years, which has only been addressed in a few studies.
METHODS: In this longitudinal
study, 414 mothers with 1 to 2 year-old children referred to the health centers of Hamadan city, whose information is in the SIB system, a comprehensive electronic system, were examined to identify factors related to underweight. The response variable was weight-for-age criteria classified into three categories: underweight, normal weight, and overweight. A two-level longitudinal ordinal model was used to determine the factors associated with underweight.
RESULTS: Of the children studied, 201 (48.6%) were girls and 213 (51.4%) were boys. Significant risk factors for underweight included low maternal education (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.10-11.47), maternal unemployment (AOR = 3.38, 95% CI: 1.05-10.91), maternal height (AOR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.79-0.92), lack of health insurance (AOR = 2.85, 95% CI: 1.04-7.84), gestational age less than 24 years (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 16.28-0.97), child age 12-15 months (AOR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.37-3.74), and child\'s birth weight (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.70-0.58).
CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of the present
study, it seems that the possibility of being underweight among children is more related to the characteristics of mothers; therefore, taking care of mothers can control some of the weight loss of children.