十二指肠静脉曲张是门脉高压症的罕见并发症;肝硬化是最常见的原因。关于疾病预后和自然史的报道有限。除了诊断困难,由于缺乏具体的治疗指南,异位十二指肠静脉曲张构成了重大的治疗挑战。鉴于破裂的风险很高,它们可能具有破坏性的临床结果。破裂通常表现为胃肠道出血,需要紧急干预。我们介绍了一例在门静脉高压症和肝硬化患者的上消化道内窥镜检查中看到的十二指肠静脉曲张。以及概述目前对这种疾病实体的理解的文献回顾。我们还强调了这种潜在致命疾病的发病机制以及当前的诊断和治疗方法。
Duodenal varices are a rare complication of portal hypertension; with cirrhosis being the most common cause. Reports regarding the disease prognosis and natural history are limited. In addition to the diagnostic difficulty, ectopic duodenal varices pose a significant therapeutic challenge owing to the lack of specific management guidelines. Given the high risk of rupture, they can have devastating clinical outcomes. Rupture typically presents as a gastrointestinal hemorrhage and requires emergent interventions. We present a case of duodenal varix seen on upper endoscopy in a patient with portal hypertension and cirrhosis, together with
review of the literature outlining the current understanding of this disease entity. We also highlight the pathogenetic mechanisms as well as the current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this potentially fatal disease.