识别对关节假体周围感染(PJI)既特异又敏感的新型生物标志物具有提高诊断准确性并最终提高患者预后的潜力。因此,本系统综述的目的是确定和评估新型生物标志物对PJI诊断的有效性.
我们搜索了MEDLINE,EMBASE,PubMed,和Cochrane图书馆数据库从2018年1月1日至2022年9月30日,使用搜索词“假体周围关节感染,\"\"假肢关节感染,\"或\"假体周围感染\"作为诊断的兴趣和目标指标,结合术语“标记”。“我们排除了提到已建立的生物标志物如CRP的文章,ESR,白细胞介素6,α防御素,PCT(降钙素原),和LC(白细胞计数)。我们用了MSIS,ICM,或EBJS标准作为质量评估期间的参考标准。
我们收集了19项研究,分析了14种不同的新型生物标志物。蛋白质是最常用的生物标志物(九项研究),其次是分子(三项研究),外泌体(两项研究),DNA(两项研究),白细胞介素(一项研究),和溶酶体(一项研究)。钙卫蛋白是一个经常分析和有前途的标记。在阈值设置为≥50-mg/mL的情况下,钙卫蛋白即时护理(POC)表现出98.1%的高灵敏度和95.7%的特异性.
与基于已建立的PJI定义的用于标准化治疗的已建立参数相比,所分析的生物标志物中没有一个表现出出色的性能。需要进一步的研究来确定在诊断PJI设置中实施新的生物标志物的益处和有用性。
Identifying novel biomarkers that are both specific and sensitive to periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and ultimately enhance patient outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this systematic
review is to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of PJI.
We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases from January 1, 2018, to September 30, 2022, using the search terms \"periprosthetic joint infection,\" \"prosthetic joint infection,\" or \"periprosthetic infection\" as the diagnosis of interest and the target index, combined with the term \"marker.\" We excluded articles that mentioned established biomarkers such as CRP, ESR, Interleukin 6, Alpha defensin, PCT (procalcitonin), and LC (leucocyte cell count). We used the MSIS, ICM, or EBJS criteria for PJI as the reference standard during quality assessment.
We collected 19 studies that analyzed fourteen different novel biomarkers. Proteins were the most commonly analyzed biomarkers (nine studies), followed by molecules (three studies), exosomes (two studies), DNA (two studies), interleukins (one study), and lysosomes (one study). Calprotectin was a frequently analyzed and promising marker. In the scenario where the threshold was set at ≥50-mg/mL, the calprotectin point-of-care (POC) performance showed a high sensitivity of 98.1% and a specificity of 95.7%.
None of the analyzed biomarkers demonstrated outstanding performance compared to the established parameters used for standardized treatment based on established PJI definitions. Further studies are needed to determine the benefit and usefulness of implementing new biomarkers in diagnostic PJI settings.