多酚酸是几乎每种草药植物中广泛存在的天然产物,其中迷迭香酸(RA,C18H16O8)是众所周知的,并存在于许多科的160多个物种中,尤其是唇形科.除了这种草药成分,其数十种天然衍生物也已从许多天然植物中分离和表征。近年来,随着人们越来越关注天然产品作为替代疗法,已经进行了大量的药理学研究来证明RA的各种生物活性,例如抗炎,抗氧化,抗糖尿病,抗病毒,抗肿瘤,神经保护,肝脏保护,等。此外,关于其生物合成的调查,提取,分析,临床应用,和药代动力学也已经进行。尽管在各个研究方面取得了许多成果,仍然存在一些需要回答的问题或问题,尤其是它的毒性和生物利用度。因此,我们希望在天然产品的情况下,本综述不仅可以提供对RA的全面了解,涵盖其各种研究领域,但也强调了一些值得以后研究的当前问题和未来前景,为了帮助我们更有效地利用这种多酚酸,广泛地,和安全。
Polyphenolic acids are the widely occurring natural products in almost each herbal plant, among which rosmarinic acid (RA, C18H16O8) is well-known, and is present in over 160 species belonging to many families, especially the Lamiaceae. Aside from this herbal ingredient, dozens of its natural derivatives have also been isolated and characterized from many natural plants. In recent years, with the increasing focus on the natural products as alternative treatments, a large number of pharmacological studies have been carried out to demonstrate the various biological activities of RA such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-virus, anti-tumor, neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, etc. In addition, investigations concerning its biosynthesis, extraction, analysis, clinical applications, and pharmacokinetics have also been performed. Although many achievements have been made in various research aspects, there still exist some problems or issues to be answered, especially its toxicity and bioavailability. Thus, we hope that in the case of natural products, the present
review can not only provide a comprehensive understanding on RA covering its miscellaneous research fields, but also highlight some of the present issues and future perspectives worth investigating later, in order to help us utilize this polyphenolic acid more efficiently, widely, and safely.