BACKGROUND: According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines, 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT is considered appropriate after negative standard of care (SOC) imaging.
OBJECTIVE: To prospectively compare 18F-fluciclovine to SOC imaging, investigate whether it should be done when SOC imaging is (+), and evaluate its detection rate in patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy.
METHODS: We recruited 57 prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence with 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT and SOC imaging within 30 days. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, Gleason score (GS), history of radical prostatectomy (RP), radiation therapy (RT) or hormone therapy (HT) were reviewed.
RESULTS: The 57 patients had a median PSA of 2.6 and average GS of 7.4; 27 (47.4%) had RP, 28 (49.1%) had RT, 1 (1.75%) had HT and 1 (1.75%) observation only. 18F-fluciclovine identified disease recurrence in 45/57 patients (78.9%), including oligometastasis in 18/45 (40%). SOC imaging identified recurrent disease in 12/57 patients (21.1%) while 18F-fluciclvoine identified additional sites of disease in 11/12 (91.7%). The (+) 18F-fluciclovine studies had a median PSA 2.6 ng/ml compared to 6.0 ng/ml in the (+) SOC studies.
CONCLUSIONS: 18F-fluciclovine was superior to SOC imaging for lesion detection, identification of oligometastasis and identification of additional sites of disease.

Meat intake has been linked to increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and mortality. However, diet composition may affect the risks. We aimed to estimate associations between red and processed meat and poultry intake and risk of CRC and all-cause mortality and if they are modified by dietary quality using Cox regression analyses. Baseline dietary data were obtained from three survey rounds of the Danish National Survey on Diet and Physical Activity. Data on CRC and all-cause mortality were extracted from national registers. The cohort was followed from date of survey interview-or for CRC, from age 50 years, whichever came last, until 31 December 2017. Meat intake was analysed categorically and continuously, and stratified by dietary quality for 15-75-year-old Danes at baseline, n 6282 for CRC and n 9848 for mortality analyses. We found no significant association between red and processed meat intake and CRC risk. For poultry, increased CRC risk for high versus low intake (HR 1.62; 95%CI 1.13-2.31) was found, but not when examining risk change per 100 g increased intake. We showed no association between meat intake and all-cause mortality. The association between meat intake and CRC or mortality risk was not modified by dietary quality.

The aim of this guideline is to provide standards for the recommendation, performance, interpretation, and reporting of [18F]Fluciclovine PET/CT for prostate cancer imaging. These recommendations will help to improve accuracy, precision, and repeatability of [18F]Fluciclovine PET/CT for prostate cancer essentially needed for implementation of this modality in science and routine clinical practice.

The purpose of these guidelines is to assist specialists in Nuclear Medicine and Radionuclide Radiology in recommending, performing, interpreting and reporting F-fluciclovine PET/computed tomography. It should be recognised that adherence to the guidance in this document will not assure an accurate diagnosis or a successful outcome. These guidelines will assist individual departments in the formulation of their own local protocols. The guidelines apply to studies on adults. All that should be expected is that the practitioner will follow a reasonable course of action based on current knowledge, available resources and the needs of the patient in order to deliver effective and safe medical care.

Moniliformin is a Fusarium mycotoxin highly prevalent in grains and grain-based products worldwide. In this study, the acute oral toxicity of moniliformin was assessed in Sprague-Dawley male rats according to OECD Guideline 423 with a single-dose exposure. Clinical observations and histopathological changes were recorded together with the excretion of moniliformin via urine and feces, utilizing a novel liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. According to our study, moniliformin is acutely toxic to rats with a rather narrow range of toxicity. Moniliformin can be classified into category 2 (LD(50) cut-off value 25 mg/kg b.w.), according to the Globally Harmonized System for the classification of chemicals. The clinical observations included muscular weakness, respiratory distress and heart muscle damage. Pathological findings confirmed that heart is the main target tissue of acute moniliformin toxicity. A significant proportion (about 38%) of the administered moniliformin was rapidly excreted in urine in less than 6 h. However, the toxicokinetics of the majority of the administered dose still requires clarification, as the total excretion was only close to 42%. Considering the worldwide occurrence of moniliformin together with its high acute toxicity, research into the subchronic toxicity is of vital importance to identify the possible risk in human/animal health.

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