Autologous serum eye drops provide lubrication and promote epithelial healing. They have been successfully used in the management of ocular surface disorders such as dry eye disease, persistent epithelial defects and neurotrophic keratopathy for many decades. A great deal of variation in the methods of preparation of autologous serum eye drops, the end concentration and the duration of use exists in published literature. In this review, simplified recommendations for preparation, transport, storage and use of autologous serum are described. Evidence for the use of this modality in aqueous deficient dry eye disease is summarized, along with expertise-based rationale.

BACKGROUND: Neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) is a relatively uncommon, underdiagnosed degenerative corneal disease that is caused by damage to the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve by conditions such as herpes simplex or zoster keratitis, intracranial space-occupying lesions, diabetes, or neurosurgical procedures. Over time, epithelial breakdown, corneal ulceration, corneal melting (thinning), perforation, and loss of vision may occur. The best opportunity to reverse ocular surface damage is in the earliest stage of NK. However, patients typically experience few symptoms and diagnosis is often delayed. Increased awareness of the causes of NK, consensus on when and how to screen for NK, and recommendations for how to treat NK are needed.
METHODS: An 11-member expert panel used a validated methodology (a RAND/UCLA modified Delphi panel) to develop consensus on when to screen for and how best to diagnose and treat NK. Clinicians reviewed literature on the diagnosis and management of NK then rated a detailed set of 735 scenarios. In 646 scenarios, panelists rated whether a test of corneal sensitivity was warranted; in 20 scenarios, they considered the adequacy of specific tests and examinations to diagnose and stage NK; and in 69 scenarios, they rated the appropriateness of treatments for NK. Panelist ratings were used to develop clinical recommendations.
RESULTS: There was agreement on 94% of scenarios. Based on this consensus, we present distinct circumstances when we strongly recommend or may consider a test for corneal sensitivity. We also present recommendations on the diagnostic tests to be performed in patients in whom NK is suspected and treatment options for NK.
CONCLUSIONS: These expert recommendations should be validated with clinical data. The recommendations represent the consensus of experts, are informed by published literature and experience, and may improve outcomes by helping improve diagnosis and treatment of patients with NK.

Neurotrophic keratitis is a degenerative disease of the cornea caused by impairment in the trigeminal nerve, which can lead to dry eyes, corneal epithelial defects and corneal ulcers. The common causes include herpes virus infection, craniocerebral and ophthalmic surgery injury, and diabetes. Due to the reduced or lack of corneal sensitivity, patients\' symptoms are mild, while severe corneal stroma melting or even perforation may occur. And the conventional symptomatic treatment is not effective. In view of the current lack of clinical understanding of this disease, there are a large number of problems of misdiagnosis and mistreatment. To improve the level of diagnosis and treatment, the consensus of experts on diagnosis and treatment of neurotrophic keratitis, which can be used as a reference for ophthalmologists in clinical work, is formulated by the Cornea Group of Chinese Ophthalmological Society. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57:90-94).
神经营养性角膜炎是由三叉神经损伤引起的角膜退行性病变，常见原因包括疱疹病毒感染、颅脑和眼科手术损伤、糖尿病等，可导致干眼、角膜上皮缺损和角膜溃疡。因角膜知觉减退或缺失，患者自觉症状轻，就诊时多已出现严重的角膜基质融解甚至穿孔，且常规对症治疗效果不佳。鉴于目前临床对本病的认识不足，存在大量误诊误治问题，为了提高临床诊疗水平，中华医学会眼科学分会角膜病学组经过充分讨论制定本共识，以供眼科医师在临床工作中参考使用。（中华眼科杂志，2021，57：90-94）.

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