目的:尽管饮食是影响溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的潜在环境因素之一,证据不足以得出明确的结论。这项日本病例对照研究检查了咖啡消费量之间的关系,其他含咖啡因的饮料和食物,和总咖啡因和UC的风险。
方法:本研究涉及384例UC患者和665名对照受试者。喝咖啡,不含咖啡因的咖啡,红茶,绿茶,乌龙茶,碳酸软饮料,巧克力零食用半定量食物频率问卷进行测量。对性别进行了调整,年龄,一包年的吸烟,酒精消费,阑尾炎病史,UC家族史,教育水平,身体质量指数,和维生素C的摄入,视黄醇,和总能量。
结果:咖啡和碳酸软饮料的消费量增加与UC的风险降低有关,具有显着的剂量-反应关系(咖啡和碳酸软饮料的趋势P分别为<0.0001和0.01),而巧克力零食的消费增加与UC的风险增加显著相关.没有观察到消耗脱咖啡因咖啡之间的关联,红茶,绿茶,或乌龙茶和UC的风险。总咖啡因摄入量与UC风险呈负相关;极端四分位数之间的调整比值比为0.44(95%置信区间:0.29-0.67;趋势P<0.0001)。
结论:我们证实,在日本,与西方国家相比,咖啡和咖啡因的摄入量也与UC的风险降低有关。
OBJECTIVE: Although diet is one of the potential environmental factors affecting ulcerative colitis (UC), evidence is not sufficient to draw definitive conclusions. This Japanese
case-control study examined the association between the consumption of coffee, other
caffeine-containing beverages and food, and total
caffeine and the risk of UC.
METHODS: The study involved 384 UC cases and 665 control subjects. Intake of coffee, decaffeinated coffee, black tea, green tea, oolong tea, carbonated soft drinks, and chocolate snacks was measured with a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Adjustments were made for sex, age, pack-years of smoking, alcohol consumption, history of appendicitis, family history of UC, education level, body mass index, and intake of vitamin C, retinol, and total energy.
RESULTS: Higher consumption of coffee and carbonated soft drinks was associated with a reduced risk of UC with a significant dose-response relationship (P for trend for coffee and carbonated soft drinks were <0.0001 and 0.01, respectively), whereas higher consumption of chocolate snacks was significantly associated with an increased risk of UC. No association was observed between consumption of decaffeinated coffee, black tea, green tea, or oolong tea and the risk of UC. Total
caffeine intake was inversely associated with the risk of UC; the adjusted odds ratio between extreme quartiles was 0.44 (95% confidence interval: 0.29-0.67; P for trend <0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that intake of coffee and
caffeine is also associated with a reduced risk of UC in Japan where people consume relatively low quantities of coffee compared with Western countries.