头颈癌(HNC)是一种免疫抑制疾病,表现出异质性的分子特征和肿瘤-宿主相互作用的特征。除了放疗和手术,目前的全身治疗标准包括使用细胞毒性化疗,单克隆抗体(mAb),和酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)。在免疫疗法类别下还开发了其他方法,但是免疫检查点抑制剂的最新进展使它们黯然失色。
本系统综述涵盖了“针对患者的”治疗方式的最新进展,只能给特定的病人服用。
目前,HNC的患者特异性治疗方式主要包括使用过继性细胞疗法和/或基因工程载体的主动免疫疗法。尽管发展速度缓慢,对这些治疗方式的兴趣仍在继续。HNC治疗的未来有望通过生物标志物和个性化方法以及定制的局部治疗组合(放射疗法,手术),全身药剂和免疫系统调节。需要进行系统的研究以生成可靠的数据并获得此类治疗方式有效性的高水平证据。
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is an immunosuppressive disease that demonstrates heterogeneous molecular characteristics and features of tumor-host interaction. Beside radiotherapy and surgery, the current standard of care in systemic treatment involves the use of cytotoxic chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). There are also other modalities being developed under the category of immunotherapy, but they are overshadowed by the recent advancements of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
This systematic
review covers recent advancements in \'patient-specific\' treatment modalities, which can be only administered to a given patient.
Currently, patient-specific treatment modalities in HNC mainly consist of active immunotherapy using adoptive cell therapies and/or gene engineered vectors. Despite the slow pace of development, the interest continues in these treatment modalities. The future of HNC treatment is expected to be guided by biomarkers and personalized approaches with tailored combinations of local treatments (radiotherapy, surgery), systemic agents and immune system modulation. Systematic research is required to generate robust data and obtain a high-level of evidence for the effectiveness of such treatment modalities.