背景:在人口老龄化趋势加剧的背景下,老年人的健康和生活质量已成为社会关注的焦点。作为老年人日常生活的重要组成部分,建筑环境的设计和配置可能会对老年人的健康行为产生积极或消极的影响。因此,本研究旨在探讨老年人感知的建筑环境与健康行为之间的关系,这是感知的建筑环境与老年人身体活动(PA)和社交互动之间的联系。这对于优化社区建筑环境和提高老年人的生活质量非常重要。
方法:在本研究中,对916名60岁及以上的中国老年人进行了问卷调查。问卷用于收集参与者的人口统计信息和社交互动,身体活动邻里环境量表(PANES)和老年人身体活动量表(PASE)用于评估老年人对其邻里建筑环境的主观感知及其PA水平,分别。在数据分析中,方差分析和卡方检验用于比较组间差异的显著性,和多元线性回归模型用于估计老年人对建筑环境的感知特征与其PA和社交互动之间的关联。
结果:在控制了性别等混杂因素后,年龄,BMI,和教育水平,多元线性回归模型表明,感知目的地可达性,邻里基础设施,审美品质,社区环境指数与老年人PA(β=0.083〜0.095,P<0.05)和社会交往(β=0.087〜0.144,P<0.05)显着相关。此外,邻里安全(β=-0.084,P<0.05),社会环境(β=0.091,P<0.01),街道连通性(β=0.112,P<0.001)也与老年人的社交互动密切相关。
结论:不同的感知环境属性与中国老年人的健康行为具有不同程度的相关性。这一发现有助于指导社区规划和建设,为改善老年人的健康行为提供了经验基础,为构建老年人健康社区、实现老年人全面健康发展提供重要参考。
背景:这项研究没有试验注册,但这项研究得到了清华大学机构审查委员会的批准(编号:THU0120230196).
BACKGROUND: Under the background of the increasing trend of population aging, the health and quality of life of older adults have become the focus of social concern. As an important part of older adults\' daily life, the design and configuration of the built environment may positively or negatively affect older adults\' health behaviors. Therefore, this
study aims to explore the relationship between older adults\' perceived built environments and health behaviors, which is the association between perceived built environments and older adults\' physical activity (PA) and social interactions. This is important for optimizing the community built environment and improving the quality of life of older adults.
METHODS: In this
study, a questionnaire was surveyed on 916 Chinese older adults aged 60 and above. The questionnaire was used to collect demographic information and social interaction from the participants, and the Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES) and the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) were used to assess older adults\' subjective perceptions of the built environment in their neighborhoods and their levels of PA, respectively. In data analysis, ANOVA and chi-square tests were used to compare the significance of differences between groups, and multiple linear regression model were used to estimate the association between older adults\' perceived characteristics of the built environment and their PA and social interaction.
RESULTS: After controlling for confounders such as gender, age, BMI, and education level, the multiple linear regression model showed that perceived destination accessibility, neighborhood infrastructure, aesthetic qualities, and neighborhood environment indices were significantly correlated with PA (β = 0.083 ~ 0.095, P < 0.05) and social interaction (β = 0.087 ~ 0.144, P < 0.05) among older adults. In addition, neighborhood safety (β = -0.084, P < 0.05), social environment (β = 0.091, P < 0.01), and street connectivity (β = 0.112, P < 0.001) were also strongly associated with older adults\' social interaction.
CONCLUSIONS: Different perceived built environment attributes are correlated with the health behaviors of Chinese older adults to different degrees. This finding helps to guide community planning and construction, provides an empirical basis for improving health behaviors of older adults, and provides an important reference for building healthy communities for older adults and realizing comprehensive healthy development of older adults.
BACKGROUND: There was no
trial registration for this
study, but the
study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Tsinghua University (No. THU0120230196).