在黑暗中,广阔的深海栖息地,通过生物发光产生光通常在广泛的分类群中使用。在十足甲壳类动物中,生物发光仅在虾(Dendrobranchiata和Caridea)中已知,并且可能以不同的模式发生,包括用于阻止捕食者和/或称为光团的专门光器官的发光分泌物,这些光器官通过提供伪装来抵抗下行光。光团在十足动物家族中表现出大量的形态变异:它们可能是内部的(肝源的)或嵌入表面组织中的(真皮的),并且可能拥有外部透镜,暗示独立的起源和多种功能。在Dendrobranchiata内,我们报道了Sergestidae的生物发光,Aristeidae,和Solenoceridae,并推测它也可能在Acetidae中发现,萤光科,菊科,双目胸腺科,和Penaeidae。在Caridea内,我们报道了Acanthephyridae中的生物发光,鱼科,熊猫科,以及对Pasiphaeidae的新观察。这份全面的综述包括历史分类学文献和最近研究所有中水和深底栖虾科的生物发光的研究。总的来说,我们报告了12个十足虾家族的157个物种中已知或怀疑的生物发光,将生物发光物种的先前记录增加65%。来自个人观察和文献的越来越多的证据使我们能够推测在几个被认为缺乏生物发光的家庭中存在光器官,使这种现象比以前报道的更为普遍。我们详细讨论了每个组中的光器官形态和功能,并指出了未来的方向,这将有助于更好地了解深海足类动物如何使用光的语言。
In the dark, expansive habitat of the deep sea, the production of light through
bioluminescence is commonly used among a wide range of taxa. In decapod crustaceans,
bioluminescence is only known in shrimps (Dendrobranchiata and Caridea) and may occur in different modes, including luminous secretions that are used to deter predators and/or from specialised light organs called photophores that function by providing camouflage against downwelling light. Photophores exhibit an extensive amount of morphological variation across decapod families: they may be internal (of hepatic origin) or embedded in surface tissues (dermal), and may possess an external lens, suggesting independent origins and multiple functions. Within Dendrobranchiata, we report
bioluminescence in Sergestidae, Aristeidae, and Solenoceridae, and speculate that it may also be found in Acetidae, Luciferidae, Sicyonellidae, Benthesicymidae, and Penaeidae. Within Caridea, we report bioluminescence in Acanthephyridae, Oplophoridae, Pandalidae, and new observations for Pasiphaeidae. This comprehensive
review includes historic taxonomic literature and recent studies investigating
bioluminescence in all midwater and deep benthic shrimp families. Overall, we report known or suspected
bioluminescence in 157 species across 12 families of decapod shrimps, increasing previous records of bioluminescent species by 65%. Mounting evidence from personal observations and the literature allow us to speculate the presence of light organs in several families thought to lack bioluminescence, making this phenomenon much more common than previously reported. We provide a detailed discussion of light organ morphology and function within each group and indicate future directions that will contribute to a better understanding of how deep-sea decapods use the language of light.