目的:评估身体成分的变化并监测认知功能,主观幸福感,和生理压力,通过唾液激素和粘膜免疫标志物来衡量,在南极探险期间。
方法:一名36岁的男子(身高188.2厘米,94.5公斤体重)参加了世界纪录的尝试。探险前后进行了全身双能X射线吸收法扫描和8个皮褶和5个围长的测量。此外,记录每日主观数据(睡眠质量,总睡眠时间,能级,感知到的努力,心情,肌肉酸痛,和肌肉/关节痛)以及覆盖的距离和每天的体育锻炼时间。作为认知功能的量度,运动员每三个早晨完成一组计算机化的任务(轴突运动认知启动应用程序)。之前采集唾液样本,during,在考察确定唾液皮质醇(sCort)之后,睾酮(sT),α淀粉酶(sAA),分泌性免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)。
结果:从探险前到探险后,运动员的体重下降了5.3公斤,8个皮褶的总和从73毫米减少到59毫米。精神运动速度在探险过程中下降。sT增加,sCort降低,sAA和sIgA在探险结束时达到顶峰。
结论:本案例研究提供了有关南极考察的生理和认知影响的新数据。这些发现可能会为未来的探险策略提供信息,允许个人进行这种性质的探险,以更好地为成功做好准备。
OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in body composition and monitor cognitive function, subjective well-being, and physiological stress, as measured by salivary hormones and markers of mucosal immunity, during an Antarctic expedition.
METHODS: A 36-y-old man (188.2 cm height, 94.5 kg body mass) took part in a world-record attempt. A total-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan and measurement of 8 skinfolds and 5 girths were performed before and after the expedition. In addition, daily subjective data were recorded (sleep quality, total hours of sleep, energy levels, perceived exertion, mood, muscle soreness, and muscle/joint pain) along with distance covered and hours of physical activity per day. As a measure of cognitive function, the athlete completed a computerized battery of tasks (Axon Sports Cognitive Priming Application) every third morning. Saliva samples were collected before, during, and after the expedition to determine salivary cortisol (sCort), testosterone (sT), alpha amylase (sAA), and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA).
RESULTS: The athlete lost 5.3 kg body mass and sum of 8 skinfolds decreased from 73 mm to 59 mm from preexpedition to postexpedition. Psychomotor speed declined over the course of the expedition. sT increased and sCort decreased throughout, and sAA and sIgA peaked toward the end of the expedition.
CONCLUSIONS: This
case study provides novel data about the physiological and cognitive impact of an Antarctic expedition. The findings may inform strategies for future expeditions, allowing individuals undertaking expeditions of this nature to better prepare for success.