倍半萜是Ambrosia属(菊科)特有的苦味次生代谢产物,是最多样化的萜类化合物之一。这些化合物具有广谱的生物活性,如抗增殖,细胞毒性,抗菌,抗炎,杀软体动物,杀血吸虫,杀幼虫,和抗原生动物活动。这篇评论汇编并讨论了1950年至2021年期间Ambrosia物种倍半萜的化学和药理学。该审查确定了158种倍半萜,这些倍半萜是从美国各地收集的23种不同的Ambrosia物种中分离出来的,非洲,和亚洲大陆。这些化合物有愈创烷,假的,Seco-pseudoguaiane,Daucane,germacrane,Eudesmane,奥帕平,Clavane,和芳烃碳骨架。大多数倍半萜化合物主要藏有假瓜烷骨架,而Eudesmanes具有最多样化的取代基。抗增殖和抗原生动物活性是Ambrosia中倍半萜的最有前途的生物活性,并可能导致药物发现的新途径。
Sesquiterpenes are bitter secondary metabolites characteristic to the genus
Ambrosia (Asteraceae) and constitute one of the most diverse classes of terpenoids. These compounds exhibit broad-spectrum bioactivities, such as antiproliferative, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, molluscicidal, schistomicidal, larvicidal, and antiprotozoal activities. This
review compiles and discusses the chemistry and pharmacology of sesquiterpenes of the
Ambrosia species covering the period between 1950 and 2021. The
review identified 158 sesquiterpenes previously isolated from 23 different
Ambrosia species collected from across the American, African, and Asian continents. These compounds have guaiane, pseudoguaiane, seco-pseudoguaiane, daucane, germacrane, eudesmane, oplopane, clavane, and aromadendrane carbon skeletons. Most sesquiterpene compounds predominantly harbor the pseudoguaiane skeleton, whereas the eudesmanes have the most varied substituents. Antiproliferative and antiprotozoal activities are the most promising bioactivities of sesquiterpenes in
Ambrosia and could lead to new pathways toward drug discovery.