前列腺素(PG)F(2α)广泛分布于各器官,具有多种生物学功能,如黄体溶解,分娩,房水稳态,血管收缩,肾素分泌,肺纤维化等。据报道合成PGF(2)的第一种酶被称为PGF合酶,属于aldo-keto还原酶(AKR)1C家族,和后来的PGF(2α)合酶从原生动物中分离,并指定为AKR5A家族的成员。2003年,AKR1B5在牛子宫内膜高表达,据报道具有PGF(2α)合酶活性,最近,Kabututu等人报道了题为“AKR1B1、1B3和1B7的前列腺素F(2α)合酶活性”的论文。(J.Biochem.145,161-168,2009)。已经在数据库中注册为醛糖还原酶(AKR1B1,1B3和1B7)的克隆在大肠杆菌中表达,发现这些酶具有PGF(2α)合酶活性。此外,在上述文章中,讨论了醛糖还原酶特异性抑制剂对AKR1BPGF(2α)合酶活性的影响。这里,我概述了各种PGF/PGF(2α)合成酶,包括迄今已报道的AKR1B亚家族的合成酶。
Prostaglandin (PG) F(2α) is widely distributed in various organs and exhibits various biological functions, such as luteolysis, parturition, aqueous humor homeostasis, vasoconstriction, rennin secretion, pulmonary fibrosis and so on. The first enzyme reported to synthesize PGF(2) was referred to as PGF synthase belonging to the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C family, and later PGF(2α) synthases were isolated from protozoans and designated as members of the AKR5A family. In 2003, AKR1B5, which is highly expressed in bovine endometrium, was reported to have PGF(2α) synthase activity, and recently, the paper entitled \'Prostaglandin F(2α) synthase activities of AKR 1B1, 1B3 and 1B7\' was reported by Kabututu et al. (J. Biochem.145, 161-168, 2009). Clones that had already been registered in a database as aldose reductases (AKR1B1, 1B3, and 1B7) were expressed in Escherichia coli, and these enzymes were found to have PGF(2α) synthase activity. Moreover, in the above-cited article, the effects of inhibitors specific for aldose reductase on the PGF(2α) synthase activity of AKR1B were discussed. Here, I present an overview of various PGF/PGF(2α) synthases including those of AKR1B subfamily that have been reported until now.