综合方法,颗粒大小和形状,剂量优化,纳米肥料的毒性研究在其田间应用之前至关重要。这项研究调查了使用辣木和大块FeCl3在夏玉米(Zeamays)上的化学合成和生物合成的氧化铁纳米棒(NRs)的比较响应。发现FeCl3盐和化学合成的氧化铁NRs在高于25mg/L的浓度下会导致生长迟缓和植物生理和抗氧化活性受损,这是由于过度积累引起的毒性所致。虽然从生物合成的NRs中释放的铁由于其低毒性甚至在50mg/L时也显示出显著的阳性结果,叶面积改善(13%),单株叶片数(26%),获得具有生物合成NRs的总叶绿素含量(80%)和硝酸盐含量(6%)。此外,植物抗氧化活性在用生物合成的NRs处理时也增加,因为它们能够与金属离子形成络合物。这些发现表明,生物合成的氧化铁NRs是一种有效的铁源,可以持续很长时间。因此,证明纳米肥料需要具有特定的表面化学才能以适当的浓度释放养分,以改善植物生长。
The synthesis methodology, particle size and shape, dose optimization, and toxicity studies of nano-fertilizers are vital prior to their field application. This study investigates the comparative response of chemically synthesized and biologically synthesized iron oxide nanorods (NRs) using moringa olefera along with bulk FeCl3 on summer maize (Zea mays). It is found that FeCl3 salt and chemically synthesized iron oxides NRs caused growth retardation and impaired plant physiological and anti-oxidative activities at a concentration higher than 25 mg/L due to toxicity by over accumulation. While iron released form biologically synthesized NRs have shown significantly positive results even at 50 mg/L due to their low toxicity, an improved leaf area (13%), number of leaves per plant (26%), total chlorophyll content (80%) and nitrate content (6%) with biologically synthesized NRs are obtained. Moreover, the plant anti-oxidative activity also increased on treatment with biologically synthesized NRs because of their ability to form a complex with metal ions. These findings suggest that biologically synthesized iron oxides NRs are an efficient iron source and can last for a long time. Thus, proving that nanofertilizer are required to have specific surface chemistry to release the nutrient in an appropriate concentration for better plant growth.